Does cooking destroy the vitamin C in tomatoes and cherries, or does it concentrate it? Many people assume raw produce is always healthier. This project puts that idea to the test.
You blend raw tomatoes and cherries with water, then split each into two samples. One stays raw. The other is heated on a hot plate. You prepare an iodine-starch solution that turns dark purple. Adding drops of each fruit sample causes the purple color to fade. The more it fades, the more vitamin C is present.
Compare the color changes between raw and cooked samples to see which form holds more vitamin C.
Hypothesis
The hypothesis is that fruits and vegetables lose Vitamin C when they are cooked.
Cooking may cause vitamin C to break down, which means heated samples could contain less of this nutrient than raw ones. You blend raw tomatoes and cherries with water, split each into two portions, and heat one of each on a hot plate while the other stays raw. An iodine-starch solution that turns dark purple measures what remains — as drops of each fruit sample cause the color to fade, more fading means more vitamin C is present. Comparing raw and cooked samples reveals whether heat reduced the amount.
An iodine-starch solution turns dark purple, and when fruit juice is added, that purple color begins to fade. The more it fades, the more vitamin C is present in the sample. By comparing how much the raw and cooked versions of tomatoes and cherries change the indicator's color, you can see directly whether heating destroys the vitamin C or concentrates it.
When tomatoes and cherries are cooked, the heat changes how much ascorbic acid remains in the fruit. To see exactly how much, you prepare an iodine-starch solution that turns dark purple. Adding drops of a blended fruit sample causes that purple color to fade — the more it fades, the more vitamin C is present. You blend each fruit with water, split it into two samples, and heat one on a hot plate while leaving the other raw. Comparing the color changes between cooked and raw samples reveals whether cooking destroys the vitamin C or, as some results suggest, concentrates it.
Method & Materials
You will blend raw tomatoes and cherries, strain them, and then cook one of each. You will then measure the Vitamin C content of each sample using iodine.
You will need a food processor, coffee filters, mason jars, a hot plate, iodine solution, eyedroppers, cornstarch, distilled water, a graduated cylinder, a funnel, a permanent marker, and plastic spoons.
MEL Chemistry — hands-on chemistry experiment kits delivered monthly — great for building lab skills at home. (Affiliate link)
After the experiment, we observed that the cooked samples had lower Vitamin C content than the raw samples.
Why do this project?
This science project is interesting because it shows how cooking can affect the nutritional content of fruits and vegetables.
Also Consider
Variations of this experiment could include testing different fruits and vegetables, or testing the Vitamin C content of different cooking methods (boiling, steaming, etc.).
Full project details
Additional information and source material for this project are available below.