Science Fair Project Dictionary
Wiktionary Appendix:Latin third declension
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Nouns
Description
Latin nouns of the third declension comprise consonant stems and i-stems. They are of all three genders, and have genitives in -is. The forms of the nominative and vocative singular are identical to each other and are often quite different from other cases, in which case both stems are given in citation forms.
Words borrowed from Greek's third declension are inflected with a varying mixture of Greek and Latin case endings.
Examples
Consonant stem
Citation form: homō, hominis m
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative vocative | homō | homin·ēs |
| accusative | homin·em | homin·ēs |
| genitive | homin·is | homin·um |
| dative | homin·ī | homin·ibus |
| ablative | homin·e | homin·ibus |
Neuter consonant stem
Citation form: nōmen, nōminis n
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative vocative accusative | nōmen | nōmin·a |
I-stem
Citation form: turris , -is f
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative vocative | turr·is | turr·ēs |
| accusative | turr·em | turr·ēs |
| genitive | turr·is | turr·ium |
| dative | turr·ī | turr·ibus |
| ablative | turr·e | turr·ibus |
Neuter i-stem
Citation form: animal, animālis n
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative vocative accusative | animal | animāl·ia |
| genitive | animāl·is | animāl·ium |
| dative ablative | animāl·ī | animāl·ibus |
Greek declensions
Citation form: aer, aeris m, sometimes f
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative vocative | aer | aer·ēs |
| accusative | aer·a or aer·em | aer·ēs |
| genitive | aer·is | aer·um |
| dative | aer·ī | aer·ibus |
| ablative | aer·e | aer·ibus |
Citation form: tigris, tigridis common
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | tigris | tigr·ēs or tigrid·ēs |
| accusative | tigr·im or tigr·in | tigr·is or tigrid·as |
| genitive | tigrid·is or tigr·is | tigr·ium |
| dative | tigrid·ī or tigr·ī | tigr·ibus |
| ablative | tigrid·e or tigr·ī | tigr·ibus |
Adjectives
Description
Latin nouns of the third declension comprise consonant stems and i-stems. The consonant stems include the comparative form of adjectives. This declension is divided into three subcategories: adjectives of one termination (which includes present participles), adjectives of two terminations (one for m and f, and one for n, and adjectives of three terminations (which are generally -er m, -ris f and -re n).
Examples
One-termination consonant stem
Citation form: vetus, -eris
| mf singular | mf plural | n singular | n plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative vocative | vetus | veter·ēs | vetus | veter·a |
| accusative | veter·em | veter·ēs | vetus | veter·a |
| genitive | veter·is | veter·um | veter·is | veter·um |
| dative | veter·ī | veter·ibus | veter·ī | veter·ibus |
| ablative | veter·e | veter·ibus | veter·e | veter·ibus |
One-termination i-stem
Citation form: atrōx , -ōcis
| mf singular | mf plural | n singular | n plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative vocative | atrōx | atrōc·ēs | atrōx | atrōc·ia |
| accusative | atrōc·em | atrōc·ēs, ·īs | atrōx | atrōc·ia |
| genitive | atrōc·is | atrōc·ium | atrōc·is | atrōc·ium |
| dative | atrōc·ī | atrōc·ibus | atrōc·ī | atrōc·ibus |
| ablative | atrōc·ī | atrōc·ibus | atrōc·ī | atrōc·ibus |
Two-termination consonant stem (comparatives)
Citation form: melior, -us
| mf singular | mf plural | n singular | n plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative vocative | melior | meliōr·ēs | melius | meliōr·a |
| accusative | meliōr·em | meliōr·ēs | melius | meliōr·a |
| genitive | meliōr·is | meliōr·um | meliōr·is | meliōr·um |
| dative | meliōr·ī | meliōr·ibus | meliōr·ī | meliōr·ibus |
| ablative | meliōr·e | meliōr·ibus | meliōr·e | meliōr·ibus |
Two-termination i-stem
Citation form: tristis , -e
| mf singular | mf plural | n singular | n plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative vocative | trist·is | trist·ēs | trist·e | trist·ia |
| accusative | trist·em | trist·ēs, -īs | trist·e | trist·ia |
| genitive | trist·is | trist·ium | trist·is | trist·ium |
| dative | trist·ī | trist·ibus | trist·ī | trist·ibus |
| ablative | trist·ī | trist·ibus | trist·ī | trist·ibus |
See also
- Latin first declension
- Latin second declension
- Latin fourth declension
- Latin fifth declension
- Wikipedia article on declension
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