See also: 1620s in Canada, other events of the 1630s, 1640s in Canada and the list of 'years in Canada'.

Events

• 1631: Charles de la Tour builds Fort La Tour (a.k.a. Fort Saint Marie) at the mouth of the Saint John River.
• 1632: British lose control of Acadia due to the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye , which returns Quebec to France.
• 1632: Isaac de Razilly sails from France with 300 people hoping to establish a permanent French settlement in Acadia.
• 1632: Starting this year, Dutch colonists begin to demand more farmlands.
• 1633-: English and French settlers enlist mainland Indians, mostly Micmac to massacre Beothuk people of Newfoundland, who are now extinct. "Red" Indian apparently derives from these people, who painted their bodies with red ochre. Nancy Shawanahdit , the last Beothuk, died in 1829. Little is known of their customs, language, religion. Beothuk was not likely their tribal self-name.
• 1633-35: New smallpox outbreaks among Indians of New England, New France, and New Netherland.
• 1633: David Kirke is knighted.
• 1634 the first of the Filles du Roi, youn French wome who were recruited by religious communities and agents of the One Hundred Associates with the intent of marrying them to men in the colony of New France, arrive in New France.
• 1634-40: The Huron nation is reduced by half from European diseases (smallpox epidemic, 1639).
• 1634 Marie de L'Incarnation founds an Ursuline convent in the settlement of Quebec
• 1634: The trade settlement at Trois-Rivieres is founded.
• c. 1635: English fishing interests secure a virtual prohibition on efforts to colonize Newfoundland.
• 1636-37: Pequot War in New England against the English. (Niantics, Narragansetts later joined). Capt. John Mason burnt sleeping Pequot village at Mystic River, pinning the people inside the flames by gunfire, killing more than 600 people in a surprise attack. Mohawks behead fleeing Pequot leaders to prove they were not involved.
• 1636: French crown grants Gulf of Maine and Bay of Fundy to d'Aulnay; La Tour gets Nova Scotia peninsula.
• 1637: David Kirke is named first governor of Newfoundland.
• 1639: Ursuline nuns come to North America, who educate girls.
• 1639: Smallpox epidemic decimates Huron people; population reduced by 50%.
• 1639: Dutch governor-general William Kieft adopts policy of exterminating the hostile Indians and taxing the rest. Dutch soldiers aid Mohawk allies to carry out Pavonia massacre, where Dutch soldiers played kickball with the heads of the women and children refugees they had killed.