Abigail Kawananakoa is the name of two members of the Hawaiian royal family, mother and daughter, both members of the House of Kawananakoa.

Abigail Wahiikaahuula Campbell Kawananakoa (January 1, 1882 - July 3, 1945), was a politician and Princess of Hawai'i by virtue of her marriage to Prince David Laamea Kahalepouli Kawananakoa Piikoi. Prince David became one of the heirs to the throne of the Kingdom of Hawai'i upon the death of Princess Victoria Kaiulani. Prince David unfortunately died of pneumonia in 1908. Princess Abigail was the daughter of James Campbell, one of the wealthiest industrialists in the Territory of Hawai'i.

Upon the death of her brother-in-law, Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole in 1922, Princess Abigail effectively became the leader of all native Hawaiians and took an active part in Hawai'i politics as her subjects' advocate. She also assumed the role of heir to the throne as native Hawaiians continued to pray for the return of their sovereignty. Unlike her brother-in-law Prince Kuhio, Princess Abigail was a devout Republican and worked to develop its platforms and pursue its ideals. In 1924 she became the Republican national committeewoman for Hawai'i and served in that capacity for twelve years. Her prominence on the national Republican stage made Princess Abigail a role model for women in Hawai'i.

Abigail Helen Kapiolani Kawananakoa (March 14, 1903 - April 8, 1961), eldest daughter of Prince David Kawananakoa and Abigail Kawananakoa (above), became the head of the House of Kawananakoa upon the death of her younger brother Edward David Kalakaua Kawananakoa on May 20, 1953.

The younger Princess Abigail married twice: to Andrew Anderson Lambert in 1922, and later to Harry Montague Field. She had three children: son Edward A. Kawananakoa, and daughters Virginia Po'omaikelani Kawananakoa (1926-1998) and Ester Kapiolani Kawananakoa Marignoli (1928-1995).

Upon her death on April 8, 1961, her eldest son Edward A. Kawananakoa became the most senior native Hawaiian and heir to the throne of the Kingdom of Hawai'i.