Abner Smith Lipscomb (February 10, 1789 - December 8, 1856), was a Texas, USA lawyer, justice, and secretary of state during the administration of President of Texas Mirabeau B. Lamar.

He was born in Abbeville District, South Carolina . He studied law in the office of John C. Calhoun, was admitted to the bar in 1810, and began practice at St. Stephens, Alabama. In 1819 Lipscomb was appointed a circuit judge of the state of Alabama and from 1823 to 1835 was chief justice of the Alabama Supreme Court . He was a member of the Alabama state legislature in 1838.

In 1839 he moved to the Republic of Texas and established a law practice. He was secretary of state under Lamar from January 31 to December 13, 1840. Lipscomb was a member of the State Convention of 1845 and served that year on a committee that drew up a report on the Texas General Land Office. He was appointed an associate justice of the Texas Supreme Court in 1846 by Governor James Pinckney Henderson and was elected to the same position in 1851 and 1856. Lipscomb died in Austin, Texas and was buried in the State Cemetery.

Lipscomb County, Texas and its county seat of Lipscomb, Texas is named in his honor.