The Algic (also Algonquian-Wiyot-Yurok or Algonquian-Ritwan) languages are an indigenous language family of North America. They are all thought to descend from Proto-Algic, a second-order proto language reconstructed using Proto-Algonquian and the attested languages Wiyot and Yurok.

Most Algic languages are part of the Algonquian subfamily, which was spoken from the Rocky Mountains to New England.

The other Algic languages are the Yurok and Wiyot languages of northwestern California. The last known Wiyot speaker died in 1962, and Yurok is thought to have ten or fewer speakers.

Algic languages

Algonquian (a.k.a. Algonkian)

Eastern Algonquian

• Eastern Abenaki (a.k.a. Abenaki or Abenaki-Penobscot)
• Etchemin (extinct)
• "Loup A" (a.k.a. Nipmuck ?) (extinct)
• "Loup B" (extinct)
• Mahican (a.k.a. Mohican) (extinct)
• Maliseet (a.k.a. Maliseet-Passamquoddy or Malecite-Passamquoddy)
• Massachusett (a.k.a. Natick) (extinct)
• Micmac (a.k.a. Mi’kmaq, Mi’kmag, or Mi’kmaw)
• Mohegan-Pequot (extinct)
• Munsee (a.k.a. Delaware)
• Nanticoke (a.k.a. Nanticoke-Convoy) (extinct)
• Narragansett (extinct)
• Pamlico (a.k.a. Carolina Algonquian, Pamtico, or Pampticough) (extinct)
• Powhatan (a.k.a. Virginia Algonquian) (extinct)
• Quiripi-Naugatuck-Unquachog (a.k.a. Connecticut-Naugatuck-Unquachog) (extinct)
• Shinnecock (extinct)
• Unami (a.k.a. Delaware or Lenape)
• Western Abenaki (a.k.a. Abnaki, St. Francis, Abenaki, or Abenaki-Penobscot)

Central and Plains Algonquian

• Arapaho (a.k.a. Arapaho-Atsina)
• Blackfoot
• Cheyenne
• Cree (a.k.a. Cree-Montagnais or Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi)
• Fox (a.k.a. Fox-Sauk-Kickapoo or Mesquakie-Sauk-Kickapoo)
• Menominee (a.k.a. Menomimi)
• Miami-Illinois (a.k.a. Peoria) (extinct)
• Ojibwa (a.k.a. Ojibway, Ojibwe, Chippeway, Ojibwa-Potawatomi, or Ojibwa-Potawatomi-Ottawa)
• Potawatomi (a.k.a. Ojibwa-Potawatomi)
• Shawnee

Ritwan

• Wiyot (a.k.a. Wishosk) (extinct)
• Yurok (a.k.a. Weitspekan)

Bibilography

• Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1.
• Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.