The Arabian Oryx (Oryx leucoryx) was found in steppe and desert throughout Arabia.

Arabian Oryx stand about a metre high at the shoulder and weigh around 70 kilograms. Their coats are an almost luminous white, their undersides and legs are brown, and there are black stripes where the head meets the neck, on the forehead, on the nose and going from the horn down through the eye to the mouth. Both sexes have long straight ringed horns which reach just over half a metre.

Arabian Oryx live in steppe and desert where they eat buds, grass and leaves. Arabian Oryx rest during the heat of the day and can detect rainfall and will move towards it, this means that they have huge ranges, a herd in Oman ranges over 3000 square kilometres. Herds are of mixed sex and contain between two and fifteen animals.

Arabian Oryx were hunted to extinction in the wild by 1972. However a breeding program in zoos around the world brought them back from the brink and a hundred animals have been reintroduced in Oman and Jordan with six hundred more in captivity.