Arseniy Grigoriyevich Golovko (Russian: Арсений Григорьевич Головко) (June 10, 1906 – May 17, 1962) was a Soviet admiral, whose naval service extended from the 1920s through the early Cold War.

He entered the Soviet Navy in 1925 and graduated in 1928 from the naval officer school in Leningrad. After that he served in various Fleet assignments. In 1937 and 1938 he took part in the Spanish Civil War on the side of the Republicans. After his return to the USSR he attended the naval warfare school. From 1940 to 1946, during the "Great Patriotic War" (World War II), he was Commander of the Northern Fleet.

After the war he held various naval commands, among them Commander of the Baltic Fleet. In 1956 he was named Acting Commander-in-Chief of the Soviet Fleet.

For his services, Golovko received the Order of Lenin four times and the Order of the Red Banner four times (twice with the Order of Ushakov). He also was decorated numerous times with other domestic and foreign orders and medals.