Arthur Charles Wellesley, 5th Duke of Wellington (June 9, 1876 – December 11, 1941) was the son of the 4th Duke, Colonel Arthur Charles Wellesley and Kathleen Bulkeley Williams.

He attended Eton between 1890 and 1895. He then attended Trinity College at Cambridge. He joined the Grenadier Guards and fought in the Boer War in 1900, and later in World War I. In 1934 he succeeded to the Dukedom; he was also a Justice of the Peace.

His Grace married Hon. Lilian Maud Glen Coats, the daughter of the George Coats, 1st Baron Glentanar in 1909. He had two children: Lady Anne Maud Wellesley (born 1910) and Captain Henry Valerian George Wellesley, 6th Duke of Wellington (1912 - 1943).

The Duke was a supporter of several far right-wing causes. He was a member of the Anglo-German Fellowship from 1935 and served as President of the Liberty Restoration League, which was described by Inspector Pavey (an ex-Scotland Yard detective employed by the Board of Deputies of British Jews to infiltrate the far right) as being anti-semitic. When Archibald Maule Ramsay formed the 'Right Club' in 1939, Wellington chaired its early meetings.