Arthur Hamilton Lee, 1st Viscount Lee of Fareham (1868-1947) was a British soldier, diplomat, politician and administrator serving in Canada and the USA. His wife Ruth was the daughter of a New York banker, and the couple were prominent in New England society.

Lee was the owner of the Buckinghamshire estate Chequers, which he and his wife later gave in trust to be used as official residence and retreat of British Prime Ministers.

With Samuel Courtauld, he was also a founder of the Courtauld Institute of Art, which started as a teaching school and is now the holder of a world-class art collection, including several works collected by Lee himself.

He was created Baron Lee of Fareham, of Chequers in the County of Buckingham, in 1918, and Viscount Lee of Fareham, of Bridport in the County of Dorset, in 1922. Both of these dignities became extinct upon Lord Lee's death.