Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Catholic Church in Great Britain
The Catholic Church in Great Britain is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and curia in Rome.
The Roman Catholic Church is the world's largest Christian Church, and its largest religious grouping. There are an estimated 5 million baptised Catholics in Great Britain (the majority of which would be Irish-born or of Irish ancestry).
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Brief History of Roman Catholicism in Britain
Christianity arrived in Britain in the first or second centuries and survived in small scattered communities. The Pope sent St.Augustine in the 5th Century from Rome to evangelise the Angles. Scotland was being evangelised by the Celtic Church of St.Columba, who submitted to the authority of Augustine and Rome at the Council of Whitby in 644. England remained a Catholic country for a thousand years, but then separated itself from Rome in 1534 during the reign of King Henry VIII, though it briefly rejoined Rome during the reign of Queen Mary I in 1555. The last Roman Catholic monarch of Great Britain was James II and VII, deposed by the Glorious Revolution.
The present hierarchy was established in 1850, and specifically avoided using places that were seats of Church of England dioceses as seats, which formerly belonged to the Catholic Church before King Henry VIII. There are now four dioceses based in the same town (Birmingham, Liverpool, Portsmouth, and Southwark) — this being a result of the Church of England establishing cathedrals in cities that already had Catholic cathedrals.
Hierarchy
The presiding bishop is the Archbishop of Westminster, currently His Eminence Cormac Cardinal Murphy-O'Connor.
Within Great Britain the hierarchy consists of:
| Province | Dioceses | Cathedral |
|---|---|---|
| Province of Birmingham | Archdiocese of Birmingham | St Chad's Cathedral |
| Diocese of Clifton | Clifton Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Shrewsbury | Shrewsbury Cathedral | |
| Province of Cardiff | Archdiocese of Cardiff | Saint David's Cathedral |
| Diocese of Menevia | Saint Joseph's Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Wrexham | Cathedral Church of Our Lady of Sorrows | |
| Province of Glasgow | Archdiocese of Glasgow | St Andrew's Cathedral |
| Diocese of Motherwell | Our Lady of Good Aid Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Paisley | St. Mirin's Cathedral | |
| Province of Liverpool | Diocese of Hallam | Cathedral Church of St Marie |
| Diocese of Hexham and Newcastle | St Mary's Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Lancaster | Lancaster Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Leeds | Leeds Cathedral | |
| Archdiocese of Liverpool | Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Middlesbrough | Middlesbrough Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Salford | Salford Cathedral | |
| Province of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh | Diocese of Aberdeen | St. Mary's Cathedral |
| Diocese of Argyll and the Isles | St. Columbia's Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Dunkeld | St. Andrew's Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Galloway | Good Shepherd Cathedral | |
| Archdiocese of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh | St Mary's Cathedral | |
| Province of Southwark | Diocese of Arundel and Brighton | Arundel Cathedral |
| Diocese of Plymouth | Plymouth Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Portsmouth | Cathedral of St John the Evangelist | |
| Archdiocese of Southwark | St George's Cathedral Southwark | |
| Province of Westminster | Diocese of Brentwood | Brentwood Cathedral |
| Diocese of East Anglia | Cathedral of St John the Baptist | |
| Diocese of Northampton | Northampton Cathedral | |
| Diocese of Nottingham | Nottingham Cathedral | |
| Archdiocese of Westminster | Westminster Cathedral |
| Roman Catholic Hierarchy in Great Britain | ||
| England and Wales | ||
| Archdioceses | Dioceses | |
| Liverpool | Hallam | Hexham and Newcastle | Lancaster | Leeds | Middlesbrough | Salford | |
| Westminster | Brentwood | East Anglia | Northampton | Nottingham | |
| Birmingham | Clifton | Shrewsbury | |
| Cardiff | Menevia | Wrexham | |
| Southwark | Arundel & Brighton | Plymouth | Portsmouth | |
| Scotland | ||
| Glasgow | Motherwell | Paisley | |
| Saint Andrews & Edinburgh | Aberdeen | Argyll & the Isles | Dunkeld | Galloway | |
See also
External links
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