Dudley Ryder, 2nd Earl of Harrowby (May 19, 1798 - November 19, 1882) was an English politician.

He was born in London, his mother being Susan (d. 1838), daughter of Granville Leveson-Gower, marquess of Stafford , a lady of exceptional attainments.

As Viscount Sandon he became member of parliament for Tiverton in 1819, in 1827 he was appointed a lord of the admiralty, and in 1830 secretary to the India board. From 1831 to 1847 Sandon represented Liverpool in the House of Commons.

For a long time he was out of office, but in 1855, eight years after he had become earl of Harrowby, he was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster by Lord Palmerston; in a few months he was transferred to the office of Lord Privy Seal, a position which he resigned in 1857.

He was chairman of the Maynooth commission and a member of other important royal commissions, and was among the most stalwart and prominent defenders of the established church. He died at Sandon on the 19th of November 1882.

|- style="text-align: center;" | width="30%" |Preceded by:
The Duke of Argyll | width="40%" style="text-align: center;" |Lord Privy Seal
1855–1888 | width="30%" |Succeeded by:
The Marquess of Clanricarde