The title Earl of Rosse has been created twice in the Peerage of Ireland. The first creation was in 1718 for Richard Parsons; the earldom became extinct when the second earl died without heirs.

The second creation was in 1806. Other titles held along with the earldom include: Viscount Oxmantown (created 1795) and Baron Oxmantown (1792).

Viscounts Oxmantown (1681)

• Richard Parsons, 1st Viscount Oxmantown (c. 1657-1703)
• Richard Parsons, 2nd Viscount Oxmantown (d. 1741) (became Earl of Rosse in 1718)

Earls of Rosse, First Creation (1718)

• Richard Parsons, 1st Earl of Rosse (d. 1741)
• Richard Parsons, 2nd Earl of Rosse (c. 1716-1764)

Earls of Rosse, Second Creation (1806)

• Lawrence Harman Parsons, 1st Earl of Rosse (1749-1807), elected a Representative Peer in 1800
• Lawrence Parsons, 2nd Earl of Rosse (1758-1841), elected a Representative Peer in 1809
• William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse (1800-1867), elected a Representative Peer in 1845
• Lawrence Parsons, 4th Earl of Rosse (1840-1908), elected a Representative Peer in 1868
• William Edward Parsons, 5th Earl of Rosse (1873-1918), elected a Representative Peer in 1911
• Lawrence Michael Harvey Parsons, 6th Earl of Rosse (1906-1979)
• William Clere Leonard Brendan Willmer Parsons, 7th Earl of Rosse (b. 1936)

Birr Castle

The home of the Earl of Rosse is Birr Castle in the town of Birr, County Offaly.