Edward Gibson, 1st Baron Ashbourne (September 4, 1837 - May 22, 1913) was an Irish lawyer and Lord Chancellor of Ireland. He was born in Dublin and educated at Trinity College, graduating BA and gold medallist in 1858.

Having been called to the Irish bar in 1860, Gibson was made an Irish Queen's Counsel in 1872 and three years later was elected Conservative Member of Parliament for Dublin University. He was appointed the country's Attorney General in 1877, being admitted to the Irish Privy Council, and was finally appointed Lord Chancellor of Ireland in 1885, becoming a British Privy Counsellor that same year.

On his appointment as Lord Chancellor, Gibson was created Baron Ashbourne, of Ashbourne in the County of Meath. He resigned office in February 1886 on the return of the Liberals to power, but was re-appointed by Lord Salisbury in August of that year. For the next twenty years (with a short interval of three years when Gladstone returned to power in 1892), Lord Ashbourne held office as Lord Chancellor of Ireland, finally retiring at the age of 68.

He died in London in 1913 and was cremated at Golders Green crematorium, his ashes being placed in Mount Jerome Cemetery, Dublin.