Environmental law is a body of law which addresses the system of complex and interlocking rules which seeks to protect from destruction or development certain species or favored natural areas thought to be endangered by human encroachment.

United States

In the United States, there are numerous types of environmental laws. They come in many forms and have diverse purposes. As an introduction, a few examples are provided here.

• The Endangered Species Act seeks to protect various species of animals that are deemed to be threatened or endangered by human activity.

• The Clean Water and Clean Air Acts regulate (through a variety of methods) industrial, waste disposal, and other human activities that result in contamination of the air and water.

• Superfund is the common name for a set of laws that establishes a multi-billion dollar fund to pay for remediation of toxic waste sites left by companies that are unwilling or unable to pay. The same set of laws also creates liability for a broad spectrum of parties, such as prior owners or operators, of sites that are currently contaminated, even if the pollution was legal when it occurred.

• The National Environmental Policy Act requires the federal government to consider environmental impact before taking any significant action, such as building a highway.

There are many more environmental laws in the United States, both at the federal and state levels.

See also

• admiralty law
• environmental agreements
• environmental crimes
• environmental impact statement
• environmental justice
• fisheries and ocean law
• international environmental law
• natural resources law
• property rights
• takings
• toxic torts