Valerius Harpocration was a Greek grammarian of Alexandria, of unknown date. He is possibly the Harpocration mentioned by Julius Capitolinus (Life of Verus, 2) as the Greek tutor of Antoninus Verus (2nd century AD); some authorities place him much later, on the ground that he borrowed from Athenaeus.

His Lexicon of the Ten Orators, which has come down to us in an incomplete form, contains, in more or less alphabetical order, notes on well-known events and persons mentioned by the orators, and explanations of legal and commercial expressions. As nearly all the lexicons to the Greek orators have been lost, Harpocration's work is especially valuable. Amongst his authorities were the writers of Atthides (histories of Attica), the grammarian Didymus, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and the lexicographer Dionysius, son of Tryphon . The book also contains contributions to the history of Attic oratory and Greek literature generally.

His Collection of Florid Expressions, a sort of anthology or chrestomathy attributed to him by the Suda, is lost, but elements of it survive in later lexica.

A series of articles in the margin of a Cambridge MS. of the Lexicon forms the basis of the Lexicon rhetoricum Cantabrigiense by Peter Paul Dobree.

Editions

• I. Bekker (1833)
• W. Dindorf (1853), the best edition
• G. Kalkoff , De cod. epitomes Harpocrationeae (1886)

Reference

• J. E. Sandys, History of Classical Scholarship, i. (1906), p. 325
• C. Boysen , De Harpocrationis fontibus (Kiel, 1876).