Harry E. Claiborne (July 2 1917–January 19 2004) was a United States Federal Court Judge who was impeached for tax evasion. He was only the fifth man in U.S. history to be removed from office through impeachment by the U.S. Congress.

He was born in McRae, Arkansas and graduated from the Cumberland University School of Law in 1941. He ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate in 1964, losing in the Democratic primary. He was appointed to be a federal judge by President Jimmy Carter.

He was indicted by a federal grand jury for bribery, fraud, and tax evasion in December of 1983. In April 1984, however, the jury deadlocked and a mistrial was declared. He was tried again in July on only the evasion charges and was found guilty the next month, making him the first federal judge ever convicted of crimes while on the bench. He was sentenced to two years in prison in October, and was in prison from May 1986 to October 1987.

He was impeached by the United States House of Representatives on July 22 1986 on two charges of tax evasion and one charge of bringing disrepute to the federal judiciary. He was convicted by the U.S. Senate on October 9 1986, removing him from office.

He was allowed to begin practicing law again in Nevada in 1987, and shot himself in Las Vegas, Nevada on January 19 2004.