Hartwig Derenbourg (17 June 1844 -1908) was an Orientalist.

He was born in Paris, son of scholar Joseph Derenbourg. He was educated at Gottingen and Leipzig. Subsequently he studied Arabic at the Ecole des Langues Orientales . In 1879 he was appointed professor of Arabic, and in 1886 professor of Mahommedan Religion, at the École des Hautes Études in Paris. He collaborated with his father in the great edition of Saadia and the edition of Abu al-Walid , and also produced a number of important editions of other Arabic writers. Among these are Le Diwdn de Ndbiqa Dhobyani; Le Livre de Sibawaih (2 vols., Paris, 1881-1889); Chrestomathie lemeniaire de larabe littdral (in collaboration with Spiro, 1885; 2nd ed., 1892); Ousdma ibn Mounkidlz, un dmir syrien (1889); Ousdma ibn Mounkidh, preface du livre du bdton (with trans., 1887); Al-Fdkhri (1895); Oumdra du Gimen (1897), a catalogue of Arabic MSS. in the Escorial (vol. i., 1884).