Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
History of Timisoara
This article documents the history of Timisoara.
- 1019 - Timisoara (as Dibiscos/Bisiskos/Tibiskos/Tibiskon/Timbisko/etc.) is mentioned for the first time in written documents by Byzantine Emperor Basil II (not all historians agree with this identification).
- 1154 - The Arab geographer Sarif al Idrisi, in his work "The book of pleasures", is describing precisely the road from Cavorz (ie Karlowitz/Sremski Karlovci) to Timisoara, passing trough Cnez (ie Satchinez/Knez); he declare that Timisoara is "a pleasant city ... offering big richness".
- 1177 - First mention of the Castrensis de Thymes in a medieval document.
- 1241 - The town is partly destroyed by the Tatars.
- 1307 - Charles I of Hungary builts the stone fortress and makes the city the capital of his kingdom.
- 1323 - King Charles I of Hungary attend the holy service in Saint George's church [Sfantu Gheorghe]. This church still exists today in Timisoara.
- 1342 - Timisoara was mentioned for the first time with the title of "civitas" (city).
- 1370 - The first handicraftsmen's guild is documented in Timisoara.
- 1396 - The town is the starting point for the Nicopolis crusade.
- 1478–1494 - Pavel Chinezul becomes county head of Timis and Captain of Timisoara.
- 1497 - Pelbart of Timisoara, the only author of incunabula in Romania, publishes his works in Basel and later in Hagenau.
- 1514 - Fortress Timisoara is attacked by rebel peasant troops led by George Dosza (Dozsa György in Hungarian, Gheorghe Doja in Romanian). The revolt was put down and George Dozsa executed in a cruel and unmerciful way (along with others 40,000–60,000 rebel peasants) in Timisoara. Today, on the place of the martyrdom, of the hot throne, there is the statue of Saint Mary, manufactured by architect László Szekély and sculptor György Kiss. According to the legend, during George Dosza's surplice, the Jesuits monks saw in the ear the image of Holy Mary. The first statue was raised here in 1865. The actual monument was raised in 1906.
- 1549 - Opening of the Protestant School in Timisoara founded and led by István Kiss of Szeged.
- 1552 - Timisoara is conquered by Turks.
- 1596 - Sigismund Báthory and Michael the Brave, Voivod of Wallachia, fail to re-conquest Timisoara after a 40-day siege.
- 1660 - The Ottoman historian, geograph and globetrotter Evliya Celebi (B 1611, D March 1682) visits Timisoara. According to him (in Seyahatname/The book of travels), the locality had more than 36,000 inhabitants (living in 10 suburbs—1500 houses—around the fortress) and the fortress's garrison numbered 10,000 soldiers. In the fortress existed 1200 houses, more than 400 shops, 4 public baths, 3 restaurants and confectioneries, 7 schools.
- 1688 - The East Banat is conquered by the House of Habsburg's general Veterani (born in Venice).
- 1688 - The Turkish army from Timisoara is uprising against the Ottoman authorities.
- 1696 - The imperial troops lead by prince August II of Poland are besieging unsuccessfully Timisoara.
- 1716 - Eugene of Savoy take the town from the Turks.
- 1722–1726 - First wave of German colonists (Schwaben) under Emperor Charles VI.
- 1728/1771/1783 - Digging and regularization of the Bega channel. Bega was transformed into a navigable fluvial channel (115 km). Only for the digging of Bega Channel were needed more than 3 million days of work and 1.440.000 m³ of earth to be removed (more earth was moved than at the buildings of the pyramids). Banat gets connected to the European navigation system. The first attempt to regularize Bega and Timis rivers were made under the Ottomans occupation by A. Cornaro when some work were done also in the Budint-Chizatau zone. Between 1728–1732, under Count Florimund Mercy's leadership, the fist steps are made.
- 1728 - The first tobacco mill in today Romania is setup in Timisoara. The factory is still in function.
- 1753 - The first mention of the organized theatre of Timisoara. A German group of actors performed theatre plays in the town between May-November. Timisoara is the third town in the Empire,after Vienna and Budapest with a permanent theatre season.
- 1760 - Timisoara is the first town in the Empire where the public lightening using suet candles and lamps with oil and grease is introduced.
- 1763–1772 - Second wave under Empress Maria Theresa.
- 1782–1786 - Third wave under Emperor Joseph II.
- 1738–1739 - Epidemic of plague.
- 1762–1763 - Epidemic of plague.
- 1771 - The first printing house/owner Mathäus Heimerl in Fabric quarter.
- 1781 - 21 December: Joseph II's decree regarding the privilege of imperial free city Timisoara.
- 1796 - The Magic Flute was performed in Timisoara at one year from his premiere in Vienna.
- 1815 - Printer Joseph Klapka – the future mayor – sets up in Timisoara the first borrowing library in a Hungarian town.
- 1819 - Joseph Klapka becomes mayor of Timisoara.
- 1823 - November 3: In his letter addressed from Timisoara to his father in Targu Mures, mathematician Janos Bolyai mentions that he discovered the principles of the Non-Euclidean geometry.
- 1823 - November 25: Johanna von Greth , born d'Honrath on January 8, 1770 in Köln, married in 1788 with Captain Karl von Greth, the first love of Johann von Beethoven is dying in Timisoara. In 1823, Beethoven, in his conversions book, will note: "Address of captain von Greth, commandant in Timisoara".
- 1846 - Composer and pianist Franz Liszt halts in Timisoara and performs three concerts in the Theater's hall.
- 1847 - Johann Strauss II, the "king of waltz", performs in Timisoara with his orchestra.
Timisoara has 22.560 inhabitants
- 1849 - Between April 26th and August 8th, Timisoara is sieged by Hungarian revolutionary forces (the longest siege of the town)
- 1852 - Timisoara is linked with Vienna trough the telegraph electric line. This is the first line in today Romania.
- 1855 - February 9: Giuseppe Verdi's "La Traviata" opening night in Timisoara.
- 1857 - Public street lighting with aerian gas.
- 1857 - Inauguration of the first railroad in the Banat's plain: Szeged–Kikinda–Jimbolia–Timisoara, 112 km. To travel from Timisoara to Budapest it was needed 26h and from Timisoara to Vienna 36h. The first railroads station is opened in Timisoara.
- 1866 - Alexander John Cuza, Prince of Moldovia and Wallachia stops in Timisoara on his way into exile. He stays at the "Trompetistul" road house.
- 1869 - First tram with horses (6.6 km).
- 1870 - The first metallic bridge, the Bem bridge, is built on Bega Channel. During the time, only in Timisoara, on Bega were build 71 bridges. Today in Timisoara 13 bridges exist.
- 1879 - Start of the works on the town's telephone network (first 52 subscribers) in Timisoara. The network was build as a private enterprise by Ignatiu Leyritz.
- 1879 - September 15: Recital of Johannes Brahms and Joseph Joachim in Timisoara.
- 1883 - June 5: The Orient Express Train is launched passing trough Banat: Szeged–Kikinda–Jimbolia–Timisoara–Caransebes–Orsova.
- 1884 - Public street lighting with electricity.First city in europe.
- 1886 - Set up of the "Ambulance" service of Timisoara. This is the first ambulance station in Hungary and today Romania.
- 1891 - The first permanent museum is opened in Timisoara.
- 1899 - June 25: The first football/soccer mach in today Romania was held in Timisoara between the schoolboys of the Piarist High-school lead by Carol Müller, gymnastic professor.
- 1907 - The walls of the fortress are destroyed to allow for new construction.
- 1918 - November 15: Serbian forces enter into the town. The Banat region was desired by both Serbia and Romania.
- 1918 - December 3: French colonial forces arrive to avoid any possible conflicts between Serbia and Romania.
- 1919 - July 28: Romanian administration is installed. Banat is partitioned between Serbia (2/3) and Romania (1/3).
- 1919 - August 3: Romanian army enters Timisoara.
- 1920 - The theater is destroyed by a fire. It will be rebuilt and opened in 1928.
- 1920 - Set up and opening of the Polytechnic School of Timisoara.
- 1921 - George Enescu's first concerts in Timisoara.
- 1921-1927 - The soccer team "Chinezul" from Timisoara is the champion of Romania in 6 consecutive editions of the championship.
- 1926 - The statue of "Lupoaica" ("She-wolf" - Remullus and Remus), a gift from Italian autorities and later the town symbol, is inaugurated in the center.
- 1928 - The first professional soccer club from Romania -"Ripensia"- is founded in Timisoara.
- 1930 - Timisoara has 91,866 inhabitants (census).
- 1932–1938 - The soccer team "Ripensia" from Timisoara is for 5 time the champion of Romania.
- 1944 - June 16th–17th: the city is bombed for the first time, by Britain's RAF.
- 1944 - July 3rd: the city is bombed again, by the United States Air Force.
- 1944 - September 12: the Soviet Red Army enters.
- 1945 - The first profesional Romanian theatre group is established in Timisoara.
- 1946 - The Romanian Opera is established, and its first performance, in April 1947, is "Aida" by Giuseppe Verdi.
- 1953 - The State Magyar Theater (Teatrul Maghiar de Stat) is established (known since 1990 as Csiky Gergely theatre), as well as the State German Theater (Teatrul German de Stat)
- 1955 - The first radio show broadcasted by Radio Timisoara.
- 1969 - Mecipt 1, the first romanian computer was made in Timisoara
- 1986 - The Botanic Park is opened in Timisoara. The Zoo is opened in the same year.
- 1989 - 16 December: The Revolution against the communist regime of Nicolae Ceausescu begins in Timisoara. On 20 December, Timisoara is declared the first Free Town. 1,104 people died and 3,352 were wounded.
- 1992 - Free and just elections. Viorel Oancea becomes the Timisoara's mayor.
10-26-2009 08:16:03
The contents of this article is licensed from www.wikipedia.org under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details
The contents of this article is licensed from www.wikipedia.org under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


