Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
History of the Jews in Bessarabia
- 1889: There were 180,918 Jews of a total population of 1,628,867 in Bessarabia.
- 1897: The Jewish population had grown to 225,637 of a total of 1,936,392
- 1903: Kishinev in Russian Bessarabia had a Jewish population of 50,000, or 46%, of a total of about 110,000 in the city. While almost non-existent in the coutryside, Jews had been present in all major towns since the end of the 18th century and the begining of the 19th. Jewish life flourished with 16 Jewish schools and over 2,000 pupils in Chisinau alone.
- February 16, 1903: Kishinev pogrom.
- 1920: The Jewish population had grown to 267,000.
- 1941: The Einsatzkommandos, German mobile killing units drawn from the Nazi S.S. and commanded by Otto Ohlendorf entered Bessarabia. They were instrumental in the massacre of many Jews in Bessarabia, who did not flee in face of the German advancement. In 1941 up to 75,000 Jews from Bessarabia, northern Bukovina and present day districts of Suceava and Botosani in Romania were deported to Transnistria, where they were locked in gettos under Romanian control. Under 20% of these people survived, many have died of poor conditions, and many have been killed by the retreating German mobile units in 1944.
- July 8, 1941: Ion Antonescu, Romania's ruler at the time, made a declaration in front of the Ministers' Council: "....With the risk of not being understood by some traditionalists which may be between you, I am in favour of the forced migration of the entire Jew element from Bessarabia and Bukovina, which must be thrown over the border. Also, I am in favor of the forced migration of the Ukrainian element, which does not belong here at this time. I don't care if we appear in history as barbarians. The Roman Empire has made a series of barbaric acts from a contemporary point of view and, still, was the greatest political settlement. There has never been a more suitable moment. If necessary, shoot with the machine gun." This quote can be found in "The Stenograms of the Ministers' Council, Ion Antonescu's Government", vol. IV, July-September 1941 period, Bucharest, year 2000, page 57 ("Stenogramele şedinţelor Consiliului de Miniştri, Guvernarea Ion Antonescu", vol. IV, perioada iulie-septembrie 1941, Bucureşti, anul 2000, pagina 57).
- 1993: By the end of this year, there were an estimated 15,000 Jews in the Republic of Moldova. 2,173 Jews immigrated to Israel. There were two Jewish periodical publications, both published in Kishinev (Chisinau). The one most widely circulated was Nash golos — Unzer kol (Our Voice), in Yiddish and Russian.
03-10-2013 05:06:04
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The contents of this article is licensed from www.wikipedia.org under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details