This article is about Internet Protocol Television. For the television network in Iowa, see Iowa Public Television.

Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) has become a common denominator for systems where television and/or video signals are distributed to subscribers using a broadband connection over Internet Protocol. Often this is in parallel with the subscriber's Internet connection, supplied by a broadband operator using the same infrastructure but over a dedicated bandwidth allocation.

IPTV is not a protocol itself.

IPTV is expected to grow at a brisk pace in the coming few years as broadband is now available to more than 100 million households worldwide.

Architecture

Due to the bandwidth requirements of video, IPTV requires broadband connections to be distributed.

IPTV covers both live TV (multicasting) as well as stored video (Video on Demand VOD).

The playback of IPTV requires either a personal computer or a "set-top box" connected to a TV.

The primary underlying protocols used for IPTV are IGMP version 2 for channel change signalling for live TV and RTSP for Video on Demand.

Video Compression formats used for IPTV include MPEG-2, MPEG-4, H.264, WMV (Windows Media Video 9 and VC1), and Ogg Theora.

Advantages

Advantages of IPTV include two-way capability lacked by traditional TV distribution technologies, as well as point-to-point distribution allowing each viewer to view individual broadcasts. This enables stream control (pause, wind/rewind etc.) and a free selection of programming much like its narrowband cousin, the web.

Tripleplay is an expression used by service operators describing a consumer package including telephony, data and video. Offering tripleplay on a broadband connection requires the use of IPTV and IP Telephony (Voice over IP, VoIP).

Alternatives

Alternatives to IPTV are traditional TV distribution technologies such as terrestrial, satellite and cable TV. However, cable can be upgraded to two-way capability and can thus also carry IPTV.

VOD in the US is usually delivered over cable TV using the DVB protocol and is not labelled IPTV services. Further IPTV technologies and delivery methods can be found at (http://www.iptv-news.com)

Companies

Operators

The largest operators in IPTV today are:

• Fastweb in Italy (http://www.fastweb.it/)
• Yahoo BB / Softbank in Japan
• NOW Broadband TV in Hong Kong, launched in Q4 2003 [1]

In 2004, SBC agreed to pay Microsoft $400 million dollars for software to be used to deliver IPTV services to up to 18 million customers. Separately, SBC is investing over $4 billion USD in its network infrastructure to prepare for the rollout. In January 2005, US based Verizon signed an agreement to use Microsoft IPTV solution.

Previous to this, Swisscom/Bluewin has been running real live trials since November 2004 with over 600 customers. Besides this, Bell Canada, Bell South, Reliance (India) and TelecomItalia are testing this new technology.

Beyond simple press announcements (excepting Fastweb , Yahoo BB and Swisscom/Bluewin), Belgacom will offer a commercial IPTV service for 2005. Details can be found at (Belgacom TV) (in English) and a demonstration of the Belgacom TV service (demo)

Vendors

The term "IP/TV" is an active registered United States trademark owned first by Precept Software, Inc. and now by Cisco Systems, Inc. The IP/TV product is an audio/video system, including both servers and viewers, based on the RTP/RTCP and SDP protocols. It often uses IP multicast as well. IP/TV was introduced in 1995.

Digital broadcast equipment manufacturer Tandberg Television has a range of headend hardware and software catering to IPTV applications.

IPTV set-top box manufacturers include:

• Advanced Digital Broadcast (official site)
• Amino Communications , UK (official site)
• i3 micro (official site)
• Kreatel (official site)
• Pace Micro Technology (official site)
• Samsung (official site)
• Telsey Telecommunications , Italy (official site)

IPTV software vendors include:

• Alcatel (http://www.alcatel.com) official site
• Microsoft (http://www.microsoft.com/) official site
• Minerva Networks (http://www.minervanetworks.com/) official site
• Myrio (http://www.myrio.com/) official site
• Orca Interactive (http://www.orcainteractive.com) official site
• Siemens (http://www.siemens.com/) official site

IPTV News source

• iptv news (http://www.iptv-news.com) official site