Indulis Emsis (born January 2, 1952) is a biologist and Latvian politician who was Prime Minister of Latvia.

Indulis Emsis is a graduate of University of Latvia with a degree in biology, received in 1975. In 1986, he received Ph.D., also in biology. Until 1990, he worked as a research scientist in environmental science.

In 1990, he became one of founders of Latvian Green Party and served as Minister for the environment in the 1990s, working especially for a clean Baltic Sea. He is currently one of the three chairpersons of the Latvian Green Party, which forms a part of The Greens and Rustics union.

On March 9, 2004, he became the prime minister of Latvia, leading a right-center minority government consisting of The Greens and Rustics union, Latvia First Party and Latvian People's Party. For most of time, the government was also supported by the leftist National Harmony Party.

Emsis was the first member of a Green Party to become Prime Minister of a country. On October 28, 2004, the government fell as the Saeima voted 39:53 against the government's budget proposal for the year 2005. He left office on December 2, 2004, when Parliament confirmed Aigars Kalvitis of the People's Party as Prime Minister.

Emsis' political views are described as rather conservative, unusual for members of green parties around the world.