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Instrument of Government
The Instrument of Government was England's first codified constitution. It was drafted by Major-General John Lambert in 1653, and granted executive power to the Lord Protector. Although this post was elective, not hereditary, it was to be held for life. The document also required the calling of triennial Parliaments, with each sitting for at least five months.
The Instrument was adopted on 15 December 1653 and Oliver Cromwell was installed as Lord Protector on the following day. In January 1655, Cromwell dissolved the first Protectorate Parliament, ushering in a period of military rule by the Major Generals .
The Instrument of Government was replace in May 1657 by England's second, and last, codified constitution, the Humble Petition and Advice .
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