István Dobi (December 31 1898 – November 24 1968) was a Hungarian politician.

Dobi was born in Szőny , Hungary. By the end of World War II he had become a member of the Smallholders Party, which achieved a majority in general elections. Dobi was a member of the left-wing faction of that party, and advocated cooperation with the communists. By 1948 when communism became completely established in Hungary, Dobi had left the Smallholders and joined the Communist Party. It is believed by some that Dobi was a Soviet agent for the entire time that he was in the Smallholders party.

Dobi immediately became a high-ranking communist. He served as prime minister of Hungary from December 10 1948 until August 14 1952 and chairman of the presidential council from 1952 until his retirement in April 1967. He was officially the second or third most powerful politician in Hungary, and supported the crushing of the 1956 Hungarian revolution. He was a winner of the Lenin Peace Prize in 1962. He died in Budapest.

|- style="text-align: center;" | width="30%" |Preceded by:
Sándor Rónai | width="40%" style="text-align: center;" |Chairman of the Hungarian Presidential Council
1952–1967 | width="30%" |Succeeded by:
Pál Losonczi