Jacob Dolson Cox (October 27, 1828 - August 4, 1900) was an officer in the Union Army during the Civil War and later a Republican politician from Ohio. He served as the 28th Governor of Ohio.

Cox was born in Montreal, Canada. He moved with his parents to New York City a year later and then on to Lorain, Ohio in 1846. Cox graduated from Oberlin College in 1851 and was admitted to the bar two years later. He entered the Ohio State Senate in 1860, but resigned early the next year to take up a commission with the Ohio Volunteers as a Brigadier General. Promoted in 1862 to Major General, Cox served until his resignation in early 1866, having been elected to the governorship in late 1865. Cox was appointed Secretary of the Interior by Ulysses S. Grant upon his inauguration in March 1869. Cox served until November 1870. He was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1876. He served a single term from 1877-1879 and declined to be renominated. He then returned to Cincinnati, serving as Dean of the Cincinnati Law School from 1881-1897 and as President of the University of Cincinnati from 1885-1889.

|- style="text-align: center;" | width="30%" |Preceded by:
Charles Anderson | width="40%" style="text-align: center;" |Governor of Ohio
1866–1868 | width="30%" |Succeeded by:
Rutherford B. Hayes