Jacques de Bernonville (born December 20, 1897 - died April 26, 1972), was a French traitor and senior police officer in the Vichy regime in France infamously known as the man who hunted down resistance fighters during World War II.

Count Jacques Dugé de Bernonville was born in Paris, France to an aristocratic family. Following the occupation of France during the World War II, Jacques de Bernonville joined the Vichy government and was made a commander of the Milice. Working in conjunction with Joseph Darnand, de Bernonville hunted down members of the French resistance movement who were almost always summarily executed. As a right-hand man to Klaus Barbie, he was a major participant in the establishing and enforcing of the Vichy regime's program of anti-Semitic policies that carried out the deportation of thousands of French Jews and other "undesirables" to the Drancy deportation camp enroute to Auschwitz and other German extermination camps.

With the liberation of France by the Allied Forces, de Bernonville was charged with war crimes but fled the country. Tried in abstentia by a French War Crimes tribunal in Toulouse, he was found guilty and condemned to death. Escaping French authorities in 1946, Jacques de Bernonville traveled to New York City and according to historians such as Kevin Henley, professor of history at Collège de Maisonneuve in Montreal, the politically powerful Roman Catholic priest, Lionel Groulx helped de Bernonville get into Quebec. There, Jacques de Bernonville was welcomed by a significant number of the Quebec nationalist elite but in 1948 Canadian immigration authorities discovered who he was and instituted deportation proceedings. In an attempt to keep de Bernonville in Canada, 143 Quebec notables signed a 1950 petition defending him and stating that he should be allowed to stay. Some of the signers included the secretary general of the Université de Montréal, Camillien Houde, mayor of the city of Montreal, plus two future cabinet ministers in the Parti Quebecois government, Camille Laurin and Denis Lazure .

Faced with a deportation order, Jacques de Bernonville fled again, this time going to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In 1954 the French government was advised where he was but that country had no extradition treaty with France and he escaped punishment, remaining there until his passing in 1972.

For additional reading information:

• – Yves Lavertu (1995) original French edition: L'affaire Bernonville: Le Québec face à Pétain et à la Collaboration (1948-1951) (1994).
• - Howard Margolian (2000)