Sir James Abercrombie (1706-April 28, 1781) was a British General and commander of forces in America during the French and Indian War who met with disaster in the Battle of Ticonderoga (1758). He was born in Scotland to a wealthy family, and purchased a Major's commission to enter the army in 1742. He was promoted to Colonel in 1746, and Major General in 1756. Abercrombie commanded a Brigade at Louisbourg in 1757 and became commander of the British forces in America after the departure of Loundoun in March of 1758.

That summer, he led an expedition against Fort Ticonderoga. Abercrombie was a genius at organization, but vacillated in his leadership to the point where his troops called him Mrs. Nanny Cromby. He managed the remarkable feat of assembling 15,000 troops and moving them and their supplies through the wilderness. Then, on July 8, 2,000 of them were killed, which proved that 15,000 men cannot take a stone fort manned by 3,000 with artillery through frontal assault with bayonets. Eventually his force panicked and fled, and he retreated to his fortified camp south of Lake George. This disaster caused his replacement by General Jeffrey Amherst and his recall to England in 1759. On his return to England, he sat as a member of parliament, and supported the coercive policy toward the American colonies.

See also

• James Abercrombie Junior

James Abercrombie (1795 - 1861) was also a member of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Alabama.