James Matthew Lee (born March 26, 1937) is a former Prince Edward Island politician. After a successful career in real estate and development Lee ran for the office in 1974 as a Progressive Conservative but failed to win a seat in the provincial legislature. He managed to enter the house by winning a by-election in 1975 and served in the provincial cabinet once the Tories were elected to government in 1979. In 1981 he won the PC leadership convention held to choose a successor to Premier J. Angus MacLean and led his party to re-election in 1982.

Lee's government successfully negotiated with the federal government to obtain the establishment of a school of veterinary medicine at the University of Prince Edward Island. Lee's government was defeated in the 1986 election which also cost him his seat in the legislature. He was appointed to be a commissioner on the Canadian Pension Commission and in 1998 became chairman of the PEI Workers' Compensation Board .