Joseph "Josy" Barthel (April 24, 1927 - July 7, 1992) was a Luxembourg athlete, surprise winner of 1500 m at the 1952 Summer Olympics.

Born in Mamer, Luxembourg , Josy Barthel's abilities as a middle-distance runner was discovered during the World War II. His first fame came by winning the 800 m at the Military World Championships in Berlin in 1947. The next year at Military World Championships in Brussels he won both 800 m and 1500 m.

An 1948 Summer Olympics in London, Barthel finished ninth at the 1500 m final. Then he won Student World Championships in 1949 (1500 m) and 1951 (800 m and 1500 m). The absolute high point of Barthe's career was the 1952 Summer Olympics, where he surprised the crowd and himself by winning the 1500 m by a very strong finish. He also participated at the 1956 Summer Olympics, after which he retired from running. He was also Luxembourg champion in 800 m and 1500 m from 1946 to 1956.

In 1962 Barthel became the president of Luxembourg Athletics Union , then from 1973 to 1977 he was the president of the Luxembourg Olympic Committee . He was also member of the Luxembourg government.

Josy Barthel died in Luxembourg City after severe illness.

The national stadium of Luxembourg, home to the Luxembourg national football team, was named Stade Josy Barthel in his honor.