Kuno Fischer (July 23, 1824 - July 5, 1907) was a German philosopher.

One of Fischer's most significant and lasting contributions to philosophy was the use of the empiricism/rationalism distinction in categorising philosophers, particularly those of the 17th and 18th century. These include John Locke, George Berkeley and David Hume in the empiricist category and Rene Descartes, Baruch Spinoza and Gottfried Leibniz in the rationalist category. Empiricism, it is said, claims that human knowledge is derived from sensation, i.e. experience, while rationalism claims that certain knowledge can be acquired before experience through pure principles. Although influential, in more recent times this distinction has been questioned as anachronistic in its failure to represent precisely the exact claims and methodologies of the philosophers it categorises.

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