The Leipzig Trade Fair (Ger. Leipziger Messe) was one of the most important Trade Fairs of the RGW , and traditionally a meeting place for businessmen and politicians from both sides of the Iron Curtain.

History

The history of the Leipzig fairs go back to the Middle Ages. A fair held at Leipzig is first mentioned in 1165. In 1190 Otto the Rich, margrave of Saxony instigated two trade fairs in Leipzig, at Easter (Jubilate) and Michelmas. No other fair was to be held up to a mile away (Marktbann), and the bridges and streets were freed from toll. The Michelmas fair was held at the church of St. Nikolai, built in 1176. At this time, there were fairs at other Saxon towns like Freiberg, Leisnig, Pegau and Regis as well. In 1268 all foreign merchants travelling to or living in Leipzig got save conduct for their persons and their goods, even if their Rulers were at war with Saxony. This led to the settlement of numerous merchants in Leipzig. Trade goods now included herrings, cloth, wine and pepper. In 1380, Leipzig got the privilege to force all passing merchants to offer their goods for sale (Stapelrecht). A third fair, at the first of January was founded by Friedrich II of Saxony (the Gentle) in 1458. It had an Imperial privilege.

In 1507 Emperor Maximilian I made the Leipzig fairs imperial fairs (Reichsmessen) and banned any fairs in a 15 mile area around the town, which further increased Leipzig's importance. Towns like Halle, Naumburg, Erfurt and Magdeburg now became dependent on the Leipzig trade. In 1523, the Augsburg merchant family Welser built a big house with stores, shops at the Markt 8 (today's Barthels Hof), the rival Fuggers had factories as well.

In the 18th century, Leipzig became the centre for trade with Poland and English goods. It was called 'the marketplace of all Europe'. In 1678/87, a stock exchange was built (Alte Handelsbörse, Naschmarkt, destroyed in 1943, rebuilt).

In 1895, the old Jubilate-fair was replaced by the modern "Muster-Messe", dominated by factory owners presenting samples of their goods. Till 1917, 30 Fair-houses (Messe-Häuser) were built. They normally contained several inter-connected courtyards with shops, storage areas and living-space (Mädler-Passage, Petershof, Handelshof, Specks Hof, Drei Könige etc.). Leipzig became the main German fair for books and consumer-goods.

In 1920 the technical fairground was opened in the southeast of the town, between Reudnitz and the Monument for the battle of the Nations. It included 19 pavillons in 1940. Between the wars, the Ring-Messehaus and the Messehaus Bugra were built. The MM-symbol of the fair was designed by Erich Gruner in 1917. During the war, the area of the technical fair was used for military production and partly destroyed by bombs.

In 1946, the first spring fair ('Peace fair') took place. When the GDR joined the RGW (Comecon) in 1950, the fair was used to present the production of the fellow socialist countries. The technical fair ground was rebuilt and contained over 50 pavillons.

The Leipzig fair today

In 1996, a new fairground, the Congress Centre Leipzig was opened, built after designs by Gerkan, Marg and Partner. The old fair area is used for shops, concerts, supermarkets, many are empty and unused. Today, one of the most important Fairs is the Leipzig book fair .

External link

• http://www.leipziger-messe.de/LeMMon/LMGWeb_E.NSF/pages/messe-eng?OpenDocument