Lismore Castle is a castle in County Waterford in the Republic of Ireland.

It was owned by Sir Walter Raleigh, then by Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, and by his descendants up to another Richard Boyle, 4th Earl of Cork & 3rd Earl of Burlington (earlier creation), who was a noted influence on Georgian architecture (and known in architectural histories as the Earl of Burlington or as Lord Burlington).

When Burlington's younger and only surviving daughter (and thus his heiress), Lady Charlotte Boyle (1731-1754) suo jure Baroness Clifford , married William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, the owner of Chatsworth House and Hardwick Hall in Derbyshire, the Castle came into the possession of the Dukes of Devonshire, along with other Boyle properties (Chiswick House, Burlington House, Bolton Abbey and others).

The earldom of Burlington was recreated for Lord George Cavendish, a younger son of the 4th Duke and Lady Charlotte Boyle, Baroness Clifford. It was his grandson the 2nd Earl of Burlington who succeeded his first cousin once removed, the 6th Duke of Devonshire, as the 7th Duke. Fortunately, the 7th Duke had been married to the 6th Duke's niece Lady Blanche Howard, a daughter of the 6th Earl of Carlisle. They were parents of the 8th Duke of Devonshire, a prominent politician, and the assassinated Lord Frederick Cavendish.

Edmund Spenser wrote The Faerie Queene at Lismore.

Lismore Castle is still owned by the Duke of Devonshire, along with Chatsworth (technically owned by a family trust) and Bolton Abbey.