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Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
List of European rivers with alternative names
Most rivers in Europe have alternative names in different languages. Some rivers have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. This article attempts to give all known alternative names for all major European rivers. It also includes some lesser rivers that are important because of their location or history.
This article does not offer any opinion about what the "original", "official", "real", or "correct" name of any river is or was. Rivers are listed alphabetically by their current best-known name in English. The English version is followed by variants in other languages, in alphabetical order by name, and then by any historical variants and former names.
Foreign names that are the same as their English equivalents may be listed, to provide an answer to the question "What is that name in...?".
A
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Aar
| Aar (French), Aare (German)
|
| Adige
| Ades (Dolomite Ladin), Adige (French, Italian), Adigio (Spanish), Adyga (Polish), Atesis (Latin), Etsch (German)
|
| Albula
| Albula (German), Alvra (Romansh)
|
| Angrapa
| Angrapa (Russian), Węgorapa (Polish)
|
| Aude
| Atax (Latin), Aude (French)
|
B
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Birs
| Birs (German), Birse (French)
|
| Bosna
| Basana (Latin), Bosna (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian), Vasna (variant name)
|
| Brda
| Brahe (German), Brda (Polish)
|
| Bug, Western
| Bug (German, Polish), Bug - בוג (Yiddish), Buh - Буг (Ukrainian), Zakhodni Bug - Заходні Буг (Belarusian), Zapadnyi Bug - Западный Буг (Russian)
|
C
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Cetina
| Cetina (Croatian, Italian)
|
| Charente
| Charanta (Occitan), Charenta (Spanish), Charente (French)
|
| Criş
| Criş (Romanian), Crisia (Latin), Körös (Hungarian)
|
D
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Danube
| Afon Donwy (Welsh), Danubah - דנובה (Hebrew), Danube (French), Danubi (Catalan), Danubio (Italian, Spanish), Danúbio (Portuguese), Danubius / Danuvius or Ister (Latin), Donau (Bahasa Indonesia, Danish, Dutch, German, Swedish), Duna (Hungarian), Dunaj (Czech, Polish, Slovak), Dunăre / Dunărea (Romanian), Dunav - Дунав (Bulgarian, Serbian), Dunav (Croatian), Dunay (Ukrainian), Tonava (Finnish)
|
| Daugava/Dvina, Western
| Daugava (Latvian), Daugava or Väina (Estonian), Daugava or Västra Dvina (Swedish), Daugava or Westelijke Dwina (Dutch), Duina (Spanish), Düna (German), Dz'vina - Дзьвіна (Belarusian), Dźwina (Polish), Western Dvina (alternative English name), Zapadnaya Dvina - Западная Двина (Russian)
|
| Dniepr
| Borysthenes (Latin), Dnepr (Finnish), Dnepr - Днепр (Russian), Dnieper (Italian, Portuguese), Dnièper (Catalan), Dniepr (Polish), Dnipro - Днiпро (Ukrainian), Dnyapro - Дняпро (Belarusian)
|
| Dniestr
| Dnestr - Днестр (Russian), Dniester (Italian, Portuguese), Dnièster (Catalan), Dniestr (Polish), Dnistro - Днiпсто (Ukrainian), Nistru (Romanian), Tyras (Latin)
|
| Don
| Don - Дон (Bulgarian, Russian), Don (Catalan, Dutch, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish)
|
| Dordogne
| Dordogna (Italian), Dordogne (French), Dordoña (Spanish), Dordonha (Portuguese)
|
| Doubs
| Doubs (French, Spanish), Dubis (Latin)
|
| Douro
| Douro (Portuguese), Duero (Catalan, Italian, Polish, Spanish), Durius (Latin)
|
| Drave
| Drau (German), Drava (Croatian, Italian, Slovene), Dráva (Hungarian), Dravus (Latin), Drawa (Polish)
|
| Drina
| Drin / Drini (Albanian), Drina (Catalan, Croatian, German, Italian, Polish, Serbian, Slovene)
|
| Drwęca
| Drewenz (German), Drwęca (Polish)
|
| Dvina, Northern
| Dvina or Põhja-Dvina (Estonian), Dvina Settentrionale (Italian), Dwina (Polish), Severnaya Dvina - Северная Двина (Russian)
|
E
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Ebro
| Ebre (Catalan), Èbre (French), Ebro (Italian, German, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish), Iberus (Latin)
|
| Eisack
| Eisack (German), Isarco (Italian)
|
| Elbe
| Albis (Latin), Elba (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Elbe (German), Elben (Danish), Łaba (Polish), Labe (Czech)
|
| Ems
| Amisia or Amisus (Latin), Eems (Dutch), Ems (German), Emže (Czech)
|
| Enns
| Anisus (Latin), Enns (German), Enže (Czech)
|
F
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Fella
| Fella (German, Hungarian, Italian), Bělá (Czech)
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G
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Garonne
| Garona (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Garonna (Italian, Polish), Garonne (French), Garumna (Latin)
|
| Gironde
| Gironda (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Gironde (French), Żyronda (Polish)
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| Glâne
| Glâne (French), Glane (German)
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| Guadalquivir
| Baetis (Latin), Guadalquivir (Catalan, Italian, Spanish), Gwadalkiwir (Polish)
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| Guadiana
| Anas (Latin), Guadiana (Catalan, French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Gwadiana (Polish)
|
| Gurk
| Gurk (German), Krka (Slovene)
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I
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Isar
| Isara (Latin), Isar (German), Izara (Polish)
|
| Isère
| Isara (Latin), Isère (French), Izera (Polish)
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| Inn
| Aenus (Latin), En (Romansh), Inn (German)
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K
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Krka (Dalmatia)
| Cherca (Italian), Korkoras (Latin), Krka (Croatian)
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L
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Lech
| Lech (German), Licca (Latin)
|
| Leitha
| Lajta (Hungarian), Leitha (German), Litava (Czech), Litawa (Polish)
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| Loire
| Leira (Occitan), Liger (Latin), Loara (Polish), Loira (Catalan, Italian, Spanish), Loire (Dutch, French, Spanish)
|
| Lot
| Lot (French), Oltis (Latin)
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| Lusatian Neisse
| Lausitzer Neiße (German), Lužická Nisa (Czech), Nysa Łużycka (Polish)
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| Lys
| Leie (Dutch), Lys (French)
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M
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Main
| Main (French, German), Majna (Hungarian), Men (Polish), Meno (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Moënus (Latin), Mohan (Czech, Slovak)
|
| Maritsa
| Évros (Greek), Marica (Polish), Meriç (Turkish)
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| Marne
| Måne (Walloon), Marna (Italian, Polish), Marne (Dutch, French, German, Spanish), Matrona (Latin)
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| Meuse
| Maas (Dutch, German, Swedish), Maes (Flemish), Meuse (Danish, French), Mosa (Italian, Latin, Portuguese, Spanish), Mouze (Walloon), Moza (Polish)
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| Morava
| March (German), Morava (Czech, Italian), Moravia (Latin), Morawa (Polish)
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| Morava
| Margus (Latin), Morava (Serbian)
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| Moselle
| Moezel (Dutch), Mosel (German), Mosela (Portuguese, Spanish), Mosella (Italian, Latin), Moselle (French), Mozela (Polish)
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| Mura
| Mur (German), Mura (Croatian, Slovene)
|
| Mureş
| Marisia (Latin), Maros (Hungarian), Marusza (Polish), Mureş (Romanian)
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N
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Narew
| Narau - Нараў (Belarusian), Narew (German, Polish)
|
| Neman
| Memel (German), Němen (Czech), Nemunas (Lithuanian), Niemen (Polish), Njemen (Swedish), Nyoman - Нёман (Belarusian)
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| Neretva
| Narenta (Italian), Naro (Latin), Neretva (Croatian), Neretva - Неретва (Serbian). Neretwa (Polish)
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| Neva
| Neva (Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, Swedish), Neva - Нева (Russian), Newa (German, Polish)
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| Noteć
| Natissis (Latin), Netze (German), Noteć (Polish)
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O
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Oder
| Oder (French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Òder (Catalan), Odera (Hungarian), Odera or Oddera (medieval Latin), Odra (Czech, Estonian, Polish, Slovak), Viadua, Viadrua, or Viadrus (ancient Latin)
|
| Ohre
| Eger (German), Ohrza (Polish), Ohře (Czech)
|
| Olt
| Aluta (Polish), Alutus (Latin), Olt (Romanian)
|
| Olza
| Olsa (German), Olše (Czech), Olza (Polish)
|
| Orava
| Arva (Latin), Árva (Hungarian), Arwa (German), Orava (Slovak), Orawa (Polish)
|
| Ourthe
| Ourte (former French [French Empire]), Ourthe (French), Oûte (Walloon)
|
P
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Peene
| Peene (German), Piana (Polish)
|
| Piave
| Piave (Italian), Piawa (Polish), Plavá (Czech), Plavis (Latin)
|
| Po
| Padus or Eridanus (Latin), Pád (Czech), Pad (Polish), Po (Catalan, Italian, Spanish), Pó (Hungarian, Portuguese)
|
| Pregolya
| Pregel (German), Pręgoła (Polish), Pregola (variant in English), Pregolya - Преголя (Russian)
|
| Pripyat
| Pripyat' - Припять (Russian), Prypeć (Polish), Pryp'yat' - Прип'ять (Ukrainian), Prypyats' - Прыпяць (Belarusian)
|
| Prut
| Prut (Polish, Romanian), Prut - פּרוט (Yiddish), Pruth (German), Pyretus (Latin)
|
R
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Rába
| Arabo or Raba (Latin), Raab (German), Rába (Hungarian)
|
| Rhine
| Rajna (Hungarian), Rayn - רײַן (Yiddish), Ren (Polish), Reno (Italian, Portuguese), Rhein (German), Rhenus (Latin), Rhin (French), Rhinen (Danish), Rijn (Dutch), Rin (Catalan, Spanish, Walloon), Rýn (Czech, Slovak)
|
| Rhône
| Rhodanus (Latin), Rhône (Estonian, Dutch, French), Rhone (German), Rodan (Polish), Rodano (Italian), Ródano (Portuguese, Spanish), Roine (Catalan), Rose (Occitan), Rotten (old German name, still used in Swiss German dialect of Valais)
|
| Rienz
| Rienz (German), Rienza (Italian)
|
| Rur
| Roer (Dutch), Roule / Rour (French, Walloon), Rur (German)
|
S
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Saane/Sarine
| Saane (German), Sarine (French)
|
| Saale
| Saale (German), Sala (Latin, Polish)
|
| Saar
| Saar (Danish, German, Italian, Romanian), Saara (Polish), Saravus (Latin), Sarre (French, Portuguese, Spanish)
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| Sambre
| Sabis (Latin), Sambe (Walloon), Samber (Dutch), Sambra (Polish), Sambre (French, German)
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| Saône
| Arar (Latin), Saona (Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish), Saône (Estonian, Dutch, French, German)
|
| Sava
| Sava (Croatian, Italian, Slovene), Save (German, variant in English), Savus (Latin), Sawa (Polish), Száva (Hungarian)
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| Scheldt
| Escalda (Spanish), Escaut (French), Escô (Walloon), Schelda (Italian), Schelde (Dutch, German, Swedish), Skalda (Polish)
|
| Seine
| Seine (Dutch, French, German), Seinen (Danish), Sekwana (Polish), Sena (Catalan, Galician, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Senna (Italian), Sequana or Sequanna (Celtic), Sequana or Sequanus (Latin), Sinne (Walloon)
|
| Semois
| Semois (French [Belgium]), Semoy (French [France])
|
| Sense/Singine
| Sense (German), Singine (French)
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| Siret
| Hierasus (Latin), Seret (Polish), Siret (Romanian)
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| Soča
| Isonzo (German, Italian), Soča (Slovene)
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| Somme
| Somma (Polish), Somme (French, German, Swedish)
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| Spree
| Spree (German), Spréva (Czech), Spreva (Latin), Sprjewja (Lower Sorbian), Szprewa (Polish)
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| Struma
| Karasu (Turkish), Strimónis (Greek), Strouma (French, variant in English), Struma - Струма (Bulgarian), Strymon (ancient Greek, Latin, variant in English)
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| Swina
| Świna (Polish), Swina (Pomeranian), Swine (German)
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T
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Tagus
| Tag (Polish), Tago (Italian), Tagus (Latin), Tajo (Catalan, Spanish), Tejo (Portuguese)
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| Thames
| Tamesa (variant in Latin), Tàmesi (Catalan), Tamesis (Latin), Támesis (Spanish), Tamigi (Italian), Tamisa (Portuguese), Tamise (French), Tamiza (Polish), Temza - Темза (Bulgarian, Russian), Temže (Czech), Temze (Hungarian), Themse (German), Themsen (Danish)
|
| Thaya
| Dyje (Czech), Thaya (German)
|
| Theiss
| Cisa (Polish), Theiß (German), Tibisco (Italian), Tisa (Romanian, Serbian, Slovak), Tisia (Latin), Tisza (Dutch, Hungarian)
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| Thielle
| Thielle (French), Zihl (German)
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| Tiber
| Tevere (Italian), Tiber (Czech, German, Latin, Spanish), Tíber (Catalan), Tibre (Portuguese), Tyber (Polish)
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| Ticino
| Tessin (French, German), Ticino (Italian), Ticinus (Latin)
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V
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Váh
| Cusus (variant in Latin), Vág (Hungarian), Vagus (Latin), Váh (Slovak), Waag (German), Wag (Polish)
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| Vardar
| Axios (Greek), Vardar (Bulgarian, German, Italian, Macedonian, Romanian), Vardar or Wardar (German), Wardar (Polish)
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| Venta
| Venta (Lithuanian), Windau (German), Windawa (Polish)
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| Vistula
| Vaysl - װײַסל (Yiddish), Visla (Estonian), Vistola (Italian), Vistula (Latin), Vístula (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Vistule (French), Weichsel (German), Wisła (Polish)
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| Vltava
| Moldau (German), Moldava (Italian, Spanish), Moldavia or Multavia (Latin), Vltava (Czech), Wełtawa (Polish)
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| Volga
| Rha (Latin), Volga (Catalan, Hungarian, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Volga - Волга (Russian), Volha (Czech), Wolga (German), Wołga (Polish)
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W
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Warta
| Varta (Latin), Warta (Polish), Warthe (German)
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| Weser
| Vesdre (French), Visurgis (Latin), Weser (German), Wezera (Polish)
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Y
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Yser
| IJzer (Dutch), Yser (French)
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Z
| English Name
| Other name(s) or older name(s)
|
| Zrmanja
| Zermagna (Italian), Zrmanja (Croatian)
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