The National Historic Sites of Canada component of Parks Canada is responsible for Canada's programme of historical commemoration, which recognizes nationally significant places, persons and events. All such designations are made by the Minister of the Environment on the advice of the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada .

List of National Historic Sites of Canada by Province:

Alberta

• Abbot Pass Refuge Cabin

Early stone alpine cabin used by climbers, 1922

• Athabasca Pass

Major fur trade transportation route

• Banff Park Museum

Early natural history museum in Rustic style, 1902-03

• Bar U Ranch

Historic ranch in Alberta foothills, 1883

• Cave and Basin

Hot springs, birthplace of national parks

• First Oil Well in Western Canada

First commercially productive oil well in the West

• Fort Calgary

Site of 1875 North West Mounted Police post

• Frog Lake

Site of Cree uprising, 1885

• Henry House

Site of North West Company post, 1811-30s

• Howse Pass

First crossed by David Thompson in 1807

• Jasper House

Archaeological remains of 1829 fur trade post

• Jasper Park Information Centre

Picturesque fieldstone park building of Rustic design, 1913-14

• Rocky Mountain House

Rival Hudson's Bay Company and North West Company posts

• Skoki Ski Lodge

Ski lodge in rustic vernacular, 1930-31

• Sulphur Mountain Cosmic Ray Station

Remains of high altitude geophysical laboratory

• Yellowhead Pass

Transportation route through Rocky Mountains

British Columbia

• Chilkoot Trail

Transportation route to Klondike gold fields

• Fisgard Lighthouse

First permanent lighthouse on Canada's West Coast, 1859-60

• Fort Langley

Early 19th-century Hudson's Bay Company post

• Fort Rodd Hill

Late 19th-century fort to defend Victoria-Esquimalt fortifications

• Fort St. James

Fur trade post founded by Simon Fraser, 1806

• Gulf of Georgia Cannery

Outstanding West Coast fish processing complex, 1894

• Kicking Horse Pass

Traversed by Palliser expedition, 1857-60

• Kitwanga Fort

Tsimshian village

• Nan Sdins

Remains of Haïda longhouses and totem poles

• Rogers Pass

Canadian Pacific Railway route through Selkirk Mountains

• Stanley Park

Outstanding large urban park, 1890s

• Twin Falls Tea House

Early rustic tea house in Yoho National Park, 1923-24

Manitoba

• Linear Mounds

Aboriginal burial mounds from 1000-1200 AD

• Lower Fort Garry

Major centre in 19th-century fur trade

• Prince of Wales Fort

18th-century stone fur trade fort on Hudson Bay

• Riding Mountain Park East Gate Registration Complex

Three rustic buildings built under depression relief programs

• Riel House

Family home of Métis leader Louis Riel

• St. Andrew's Rectory

Example of mid 19th-century Red River architecture, 1852-1854

• The Forks

Historic meeting place, junction of the Red and Assiniboine rivers

• York Factory

Hudson's Bay Company's principal fur trade depot from 1684-1870s

New Brunswick

• Beaubears Island Shipbuilding

Archaeological site associated with nineteenth-century shipbuilding

• Boishébert

Acadian refugee settlement, 1756-59

• Carleton Martello Tower

Fortification built to defend Saint John during War of 1812

• Fort Beauséjour

Remnants of 1751 French fort

• Fort Gaspareaux

Military ruins and cemetery of 1751 French fort

• La Coupe Dry Dock

Site may represent 18th-century Acadian construction

• Monument Lefebvre

Multi-function building, symbol of Acadian cultural revival

• St. Andrews Blockhouse

Restored wooden blockhouse from War of 1812

Newfoundland and Labrador

• Cape Spear

Oldest surviving lighthouse in Newfoundland, 1836

• Castle Hill

17th- and 18th-century French and British fortifications

• Hawthorne Cottage

Picturesque cottage, home of Captain Bob Bartlett from 1875-1946

• Hopedale Mission

Symbol of interaction between Labrador Inuit and Moravian Missionaires; representative of Moravian Mission architecture in Labrador

• L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site of Canada

Only authenticated Viking settlement in North America

• Port au Choix

Pre-contact burial and habitation sites

• Red Bay

16th-century Basque whaling industry complex

• Ryan Premises

East Coast fishing industry complex

• Signal Hill

Commemorates defence of St. John's; includes the Cabot Tower

Nova Scotia

• Alexander Graham Bell Homestead

Commemorates famous inventor

• Canso Islands

Site of fishing centre, 16th- to 19th-century

• Fort Anne

1695-1708 fortifications

• Fort Edward

Played a role in the struggle for predominance in North America, 1750-1812; oldest blockhouse in Canada, 1750

• Fort McNab

Fort built in 1889 to defend Halifax Harbour

• Fortress of Louisbourg

Reconstruction of 18th-century French fortress

• Georges Island

Harbour fortification; contains Fort Charlotte

• Grand-Pré

Commemorates Acadian settlement and expulsion

• Grassy Island Fort

Centre of English fishery in 18th-century

• Halifax Citadel

Restored British masonry fort, 1828-56

• Kejimkujik

Important Mi'kmaq cultural landscape

• Marconi

Site of first wireless station in Canada

• Melanson Settlement

Pre-expulsion Acadian farm community, 1664-1755

• Port Royal, Nova Scotia

Reconstruction of 1605 French settlement

• Prince of Wales Tower

Late 18th-century stone defence tower, 1796-99

• Scots Fort

Site of Sir William Alexander's settlement, 1629-31

• St. Peters Canal

Operational canal; structures dating from 19th-century

• St. Peters Trading Post

French trading post and fort, 1650-1758

• York Redoubt

Major seaward defences of Halifax Harbour from the American Revolutionary War until World War II

Ontario

• Battle of the Windmill

American invasion mission foiled, 1838

• Battlefield of Fort George

War of 1812, capture of Fort George by Americans, 1813

• Bellevue House

Important Italianate villa 1840's; home of Sir John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada (1867-73, 1878-91)

• Bethune Memorial House

Birthplace of Doctor Norman Bethune; of symbolic significance to the Chinese

• Bois Blanc Island Lighthouse

Round stone light tower, 1837

• Butler's Barracks

Complex represents 150 years of military history

• Cathcart Tower

Mid 19th-century British imperial masonry fortifications

• Fort George

Reconstructed British fort from War of 1812

• Fort Henry

British fort completed 1836 to defend Rideau Canal

• Fort Malden

19th-century border fortification; Fort Amherstburg; War of 1812

• Fort Mississauga

19th-century brick tower within star-shaped earthworks; War of 1812

• Fort St. Joseph

British military outpost on western frontier, 1796-1812; War of 1812

• Fort Wellington

Military remains of 1813-38 fortifications; War of 1812

• Glengarry Cairn

Conical stone monument, with stairway, to the Glengarry and Argyle Regiment, erected in 1840

• HMCS Haida

Last of World War II tribal class destroyers

• Inverarden House

Important 1816 Regency cottage with fur trade associations

• Laurier House

Second Empire home, built in 1878, of two prime ministers of Canada, Sir Wilfrid Laurier and William Lyon Mackenzie King

• Merrickville Blockhouse

Part of lock system of Rideau Canal, 1832-33

• Mississauga Point Lighthouse

Site of first lighthouse on great lakes, 1804

• Mnjikaning Fish Weirs

Aboriginal fishing site

• Murney Tower

Mid 19th-century British imperial masonry fortification

• Navy Island

Archaeological remains related to ship building

• Peterborough Lift Lock

World's highest hydraulic lift lock, 1896-1904

• Point Clark Lighthouse

Imperial tower and lightkeeper's house, 1859

• Queenston Heights

Site of 1812 Battle of Queenston Heights; includes Brock Monument; War of 1812

• Rideau Canal

Operational canal; 202 km route, forty-five locks

• Saint-Louis Mission

Site of Huron village destroyed by Iroquois in 1649

• Sault Ste. Marie Canal

First electrically-powered lock, 1888-94

• Shoal Tower

Mid 19th-century British imperial masonry fortifications

• Sir John Johnson House

House of famous Loyalist, 1780s

• Southwold Earthworks

Site of Attiwandaronk Indian village, circa 1500 AD

• Trent-Severn Waterway

Operational canal; 386 km route, forty-five locks

• Woodside House

Boyhood home of William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime Minister of Canada (1921-26, 1926-30, 1936-48)

Prince Edward Island

• Ardgowan

Residence of Father of Confederation William Henry Pope, circa 1850

• Dalvay-by-the-Sea Hotel

Queen Anne Revival summer home, built 1896-99

• Port-la-Joye and Fort Amherst

Remains of British and French forts

• Province House

Neoclassical birthplace of Confederation

Quebec

• Battle of the Châteauguay

Site of 1813 battle in defence of Lower Canada; War of 1812

• Battle of the Restigouche

Site of last naval battle in Seven Years' War

• Carillon Barracks

Early 19th-century stone military building

• Carillon Canal

Operational canal; site of two earlier canals, 1826-33

• Cartier-Brébeuf National Historic Site

Wintering place of Jacques Cartier, 1535-36

• Chambly Canal

Operational canal; nine locks, swing bridges

• Coteau-du-Lac

18th-century transportation and defence structures

• Forges du Saint-Maurice

Remains of Canada's first industrial village

• Fort Chambly

Restored and stabilized 1709 stone fort

• Fort Lennox

Outstanding example of early 19th-century fortifications

• Fort Témiscamingue

Remains of French fur trading post

• Fortifications of Québec

4.6-km network of walls, gates and squares

• Grosse Île and the Irish Memorial

Quarantine station for immigrants from 1832-1937

• Lachine Canal

Operational canal; five locks, railway / road bridges

• Lévis Forts

Part of Québec fortification system

• Louis St. Laurent House

Childhood home of Louis S. St. Laurent, Prime Minister of Canada, 1948-57

• Louis-Joseph Papineau House

Stone house built in 1785, associated with Louis-Joseph Papineau

• Maillou House

Fine example of 18th-century Quebec town architecture, 1736

• Manoir Papineau

19th-century manor, home of Patriot leader, Louis-Joseph Papineau

• Montmorency Park

Site of bishop's palace; Parliament of Canada 1851-55

• Pointe-au-Père Lighthouse

Early reinforced concrete lighttower at strategic location

• Québec Garrison Club

Only private military club in Canada perpetuating the British colonial tradition of assembling military officers in a social environment, 1879

• Saint-Louis Forts and Châteaux

Integral part of Québec's defence system; the seat of colonial executive authority for over 200 years

• Saint-Ours Canal

Operational canal; 1933 (and remains of 1849) lock

• Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue Canal

Operational canal; site of earlier 1843 canal

• Sir George-Étienne Cartier House

Double house of prominent 19th-century politician, 1830s

• Laurier House

House interprets life of Sir Wilfrid Laurier, Prime Minister of Canada (1896-1911)

• The Fur Trade at Lachine

Stone warehouse used as depot, 1803

Saskatchewan

• Batoche

Métis village; site of 1885 Battle of Batoche

• Battle of Fish Creek

Site of battle between Métis and Canadian forces, 1885

• Fort Battleford

North West Mounted Police headquarters, 1876

• Fort Espérance

Remains of 2 North West Company fur trade posts

• Fort Livingstone

Original headquarters of North West Mounted Police

• Fort Pelly

Remains of Hudson's Bay Company fur trade post

• Fort Walsh

Early North West Mounted Police post

• Frenchman Butte

Site of 1885 battle, Cree and Canadian troops

• Motherwell Homestead

Farm of William Richard Motherwell built in 1882, noted politician and scientific farmer

Yukon Territory

• Dawson Historical Complex

Important collection of buildings from the Klondike Gold Rush

• Dredge No. 4

Symbolizes importance of dredging operations (1899-1966) with the evolution of gold mining in the Klondike

• S.S. Keno

Wooden steamboat built 1922, 140 by 30 feet (43 by 9 m) three decks

• S.S. Klondike

Largest and last Yukon commercial steamboat

Heritage places and exhibits

• Artillery Park (Québec, Québec)

An important complex of 18th and 19th-century defence structures.

• Grande-Grave (Gaspé, Québec)

A former coastal fishing village.

• Green Gables House (Cavendish, Prince Edward Island)

The farmhouse which was the inspiration for the setting of L.M. Montgomery's beloved novel, Anne of Green Gables.

• Old Port of Québec Interpretation Centre (Québec, Quebec)

An interpretation of the historic role of the port at Québec.

• The Bank Fishery and The Age of Sail Exhibit (Lunenburg, Nova Scotia)

A commemoration of the offshore fishery of Canada's East Coast.