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Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
List of carfree places
This is a list of noteworthy carfree areas. To be included, areas should meet at least one of the following criteria:
- They are unusual for their country or region
- They make up a sizable fraction of a city, town, or island
For example, Freiburg's carfree district is included because it is of significant size even for Germany; Leipzig's is not since it is merely average and is a small part of the city. However, Portland, Oregon's are included since carfree areas of any size are unusual in North America.
The data is organized by region and country, using the following schema:
- Place (sorted continent and country)
- Size of carfree district in whatever measure is convenient - percentage, blocks, hectares, housing units, etc.
- Population of the carfree district
- Description of the character of the area: mixed use, resort, medieval, etc.
Color-coding is used as follows:
| Venice | Most or all of the city is essentially carfree. Kids can play in most streets.
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| Siena | Large area that is nearly carfree; pedestrians may still occasionally have to avoid cars.
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| Parma | Worthy of inclusion, but extent is limited or vehicles sometimes intrude appreciably.
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Europe
Austria
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Vienna | Autofreie Mustersiedlung Floridsdorf housing project | 250 units | New carfree residential project, organized by Green party
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| Vienna | "Sizable" carfree core near St. Stephens Cathedral | ? | Old center
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| Feldkirch | Historic center | ? | ?
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| Salzburg | A number of streets in the medieval center are carfree | ? | Lovely old town with significant carfree shopping areas
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Belgium
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Louvain-la-Neuve | Most or all of the city | ? | University town; surface is carfree; streets and parking are below pedestrian streets
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Brugge
(Bruges) | ? | ? | Medieval town with large carfree center
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| Ghent | 35 hectares, entire city heart | ? | Largest carfree area in Belgium; Public transport, taxis and permit holders may enter but not exceed 5 km/h
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Denmark
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Strøget, Copenhagen | Large downtown carfree shopping area | ? | Old part of the city; heavily used, much tourist traffic.
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| Christiania community, Copenhagen | All of an old military reservation | Probably a few hundred | Several streets with recycled and ad-hoc buildings; carfree
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France
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Mont St. Michel | 1-hectare island | about 60 | Carfree fortress/abbey
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| Ile de Porquerolles , near Toulon | Entire island is car-lite and many areas carfree | 5000 (summers) | Resort
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| Lyon | Avenue de la Republique, Rue Victor Hugo, and side streets | Metro area is about 1.7 million; carfree area unknown | 17th-18th C mixed-use 6-story area
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| Lyon | Part of Vieux Lyon | ? | Medieval quarter
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| Port Grimaud | ? | ? | Resort
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| Rue Mouffetard, Paris | 0.5 km | ? | ?
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| The pedestrian mall next to St. Germain, Paris | is about 1.5 km long and runs from place Odeon to rue Monge | ? | ?
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| Pompidou Center, Paris | ? | ? | Modern large-scale development
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| Les Halles, Paris | ? | ? | Redeveloped market area
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| Montorgueil area, Paris | ? | ? | ?
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| Dijon | Small carfree center | ? | Old buildings on narrow streets
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| Strasbourg | Part of the old town | ? | Medieval core
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| Chambery | Significant carfree area | ? | Medieval quarter
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| Montpellier | Many carfree streets | 11,000 in the medieval quarter | Center of medieval university town
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| La Rochelle | Carfree area and anti-car policies | 80,000 (entire city) | ?
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| Tours | Several blocks of the medieval old town are restricted to pedestrians only | ? | Old medieval center
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| Bordeaux | 4 km of streets | ? | Unknown; morning truck deliveries permitted; limited car access for residents
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Germany
German Islands and Resorts
(Residents are allowed cars on some islands)
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Helgoland | Entire island | 1650 | North Sea Island
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| Baltrum | Entire island | 510 | North Sea Island
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| Spiekeroog | Entire island | 730 | North Sea Island
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| Wangerooge | Entire island | 1180 | North Sea Island
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| Juist | Entire island | 1790 | North Sea Island
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| Hiddensee | Entire island | 1200 | Baltic Sea Island
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| Rerik (Wustrow peninsula) | ? | 69 houses | Largely undeveloped area on a Baltic Sea Peninsula; will probably become less carfree as it develops
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| Niederrathen | Entire village | 500 | Village in Saxony
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| Moritzdorf (Sellin) | Entire village | ? | Village on the island of Rügen
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| Lechbruck am See | Entire village | ? | Village in Bavaria
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| Hayingen | Entire village | 105 houses | Village in Swabia
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| Hallig Hooge and Hallig Gröde | Entire villages | ? | Villages in Schleswig-Holstein which are islands at high tide
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Greece
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Downtown Athens | 400 km² (entire city) | 3,000,000 (entire city) | While designated carfree, the ban is apparently widely ignored
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| Hydra Island | Entire island (50 km²) | 3000 | No motorized vehicles on the entire island
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| Spetses Island | Town only | 4000 (entire island) | Carfree, possibly with some violations
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Italy
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Venice | Entire city except near the train station | Estimated at 70,000 | Medieval city, today highly focused on tourism; transport on foot or by water
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| Siena | Entire city | Perhaps 30,000 | Not entirely carfree but most streets have very little traffic
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Cinque Terre
(5 towns on the Gulf of Genoa) | Most or all of each town | Probably a few thousand each | Some towns are carfree, others highly car-moderated
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| Florence | Several streets near Piazza San Lorenzo | ? | Market area of the old city
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| Rome | Several streets west of the Vatican | ? | ?
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| Parma | Small area in the city center, probably 6-10 streets | Unknown, probably a few thousand | Probably some delivery trucks permitted during limited hours
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| Orta San Giulio | ? | ? | ?
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| Naples | Small carfree area at center | ? | Shopping area in downtown
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| Milan | Small area near cathedral | ? | Wide streets completely filled with pedestrians after work
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| Ferrara | The medieval center has carfree streets and is over all "car-lite" | ? | Heavy bike use
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| Perugia | While the town suffers heavily from cars and traffic, some areas are so narrow that they are carfree | ? | Medieval hill town
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| Assisi | Much of the town is highly car-moderated | ? | Visitors must park at the foot of the hill; some residents' cars are allowed in town
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The Netherlands
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Giethoorn | Entire town | about 2500 | Transport by canal boat
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| Amsterdam GWL project | 600 unit carfree residential area | About 1500 | Modern architecture on the site of a disused waterworks; some car parking at the edge
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| Kalverstraat /Nieuwendijk , Amsterdam | Long main shopping street with many narrow side streets | Unknown; primarily commercial | Shopping district; delivery vehicles allowed in AM
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| Delft | Most of the old center | ? | Medieval center
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| Island of Schiermonnikoog | Entire island | About 1000 residents plus lots of tourists in season | Only residents are allowed to bring cars onto the island
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| Groningen | Most of the old city center | Estimated at 30,000 in the carfree area (the city is about 10 times larger) | Medieval center is nearly carfree; mixed use area with university
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Portugal
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Obidos | Entire area of walled town | Probably a few thousand | Medieval walled hill town (now tourist area); only residents permitted to drive into the town, although cars are a nuisance
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| Baixo , Lisbon | One long shopping street, with a few side streets | ? | 18th C 5-story mixed use
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| Santarem | Most of the streets in the oldest part of town | ? | 3-story, old, mixed use area
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| Faro | Some of the downtown area | 50,000 (whole city) | 6-8 old streets that form a small network in the center of town
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| Tavira | Some of the old downtown | 25,000 (whole city) | Narrow, winding streets in the old part of town.
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| Évora | Most of the old walled city | 8500 (in the walled city) | Some cars
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| Coimbra | Many small streets | ? | Old medieval quarter
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| Viseu | A number of narrow streets in the town center | ? | Largely intact medieval city; on Fridays, the entire old center is carfree
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Spain
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Seville | Santa Cruz district has many narrow, carfree streets | ? | ?
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| Madrid downtown area (Puerta del Sol) | 6 blocks square | ? | Busy central area
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| Segovia | Large parts of the old, walled city | ? | Medieval area
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| Santiago de Compostela | Large central pedestrian zone | ? | ?
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| Ayamonte (in S.W. corner) | Downtown commercial district | ? | Old medieval quarter with very narrow streets; river town on the flanks of a hill
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| La Rambla , Barcelona | one-mile (1.6 km) long pedestrianized boulevard | ? | Wide, shaded walkway filled with pedestrians day and night
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| Barri Gotic , Barcelona | A number of carfree streets, others car-light | Tens of thousands | Medieval center
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| Algeciras | Large network of carless shopping streets | ? | ?
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| Girona | Rambla (promenade and shopping street) and network of narrow residential streets | ? | ?
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Sweden
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Gamla stan, Stockholm | Most of the old heart (ca. 1 km²) | 3000 inh. | Oldest part of the city; medieval area; low traffic in central parts of the Old Town during part of the day, AM deliveries allowed and taxis allowed 24 h; there is no supervision and no control so in reality the medieval city is not essentially carfree.
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| Drottninggatan , Stockholm | One street and two squares | ? | Major pedestrian street connecting the squares Sergels torg and Hötorget
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| Malmö | Large pedestrian precint | ? | Center-city area; further expansion planned
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| Växjö, Sweden | Entire city center | ? | Carfree district in fossil-fuel reduced city
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Switzerland
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Zermatt | Entire town | Probably 20,000 or so | Carfree Alpine resort with prototype "Utility Area" at the entrance; slow electric taxis and freight vehicles used, although these are sometimes driven at higher speeds
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| Bettmeralp | Entire town | ? | Alpine resort
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| Barunwald | Entire town | ? | Alpine resort
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| Riederalp | Entire town | ? | Alpine resort
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| Rigi | Entire town | ? | Alpine resort
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| Saas-Fee | Entire town | ? | Alpine resort
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| Stoos | Entire town | ? | Alpine resort
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| Wengen | Entire town | ? | Alpine resort
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| Zürich | Large parts of the old town | ? | Carfree medieval urban core
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| Geneva | 10 streets | 10,000 | Carfree areas in the heart
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| Basel | Parts of the medieval town are carfree | ? | The city is heavily dependent on an excellent tram system and most of the center city is highly car-moderated if not carfree
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| St. Gallen | Old center | ? | Carfree
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| Neuchâtel | Old center | ? | Carfree
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| Appenzell | Old center | ? | Carfree
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| Gstaad | Village center | ? | Carfree
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| Rapperswil | Medieval center | ? | Carfree center
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| Brig | Perhaps 10 blocks in downtown | ? | Old part of the city, mixed use
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| Winterthur | Historic center | ? | ?
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| Lugano | Most of the old quarter | ? | ?
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| Mürren | Entire town | ? | Alpine resort; some utility traffic
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| Bern - Halen | 79 apartments | ? | Terraced neighborhood; built 1961; parking at edge
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| Boll-Sinneringen - Wohnanlage Schloßpark | 73 apartments | ? | Built 1996; parking at edge?
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UK, Channel Islands
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Island of Sark (Channel Islands) | Whole island | 560 | Entirely carfree (only motorised vehicles are tractors)
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| Carnaby Street, Soho, London | Carnaby Street and environs | ? | Carfree shopping area
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| Leicester Square to Piccadilly Circus, London | Principally Coventry Street | ? | Carfree entertainment area
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| London, Barbican | About 38 acres (15.4 ha) | 8000 | Post-war carfree housing development. Roads & parking are underground
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| Cambridge | Center city and university campus | Several thousand | University town with heavy tourism; cars banned most of the day from downtown
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| Salisbury | Center city and cathdral close | ? | Large section of downtown is carfree, including the cathdral close
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| Edinburgh | Slateford Green carfree development | ? | ?
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| Bath | City center | ? | While the center is carfree, traffic problems outside it are serious
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| York | Several vibrant alley ways in the center, including The Shambles | ? | Streets too narrow for cars
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| Leeds, Yorkshire | Large part of the city center | ? | Pedestrian precinct
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| Lincoln | Several cobbled streets around the Cathedral | ? | Carfree area near the center
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| Isles of Scilly | Group of islands off Land's End | Combined population of 2000 | Island of Tresco is carfree
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Other Europe
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Prague, Czech Republic | Large carfree area starting at Old Town Square and extending across the river | ? | Medieval quarter
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| Tábor, Czech Republic | "Modest network of carfree streets" | ? | Old town
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| Dubrovnik, Croatia | The old walled city | ? | Nearly carfree
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| Rovinj, Croatia | The old town is reported to be largely or entirely carfree | ? | Undoubtedly medieval
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| Arbat Street , Moscow | Small district | ? | Old area just outside the historic center.
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| Helsinki | 56 hectares | ? | Old city center
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| Vilnius, Lithuania | Large carfree area reported | ? | One of the largest surviving medieval quarters in Europe
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| Riga, Latvia | "Modest network of carfree streets" | ? | Old town
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| Tallinn, Estonia | "Modest network of carfree streets" | ? | Old town
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| Buyukada Island , Istanbul, Turkey | One of the nine Marmara See islands, resort area | 1500(?) | Almost enitrely carfree
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North America
Canada
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Whistler, BC | ? | 9,000~25,000 | Has a small carfree center
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| Calgary, Alberta | 7 & 8th Avenue Malls / Stampede Grounds | 1,043,276 (Entire City) | 7th Ave. is a transit mall; 8th Ave. is a pedestrian mall for several blocks that offers everything possible including coffee, food, drinks and culture. Calgary also has the "Plus-15" second-story system that connects many buildings in downtown. It totals more than 16 km. of passages. Every june the area around the Pengrowth Saddledome becomes carfree when the stampede takes place.
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| Montreal, Quebec | 30 kilometers of underground passages | Non-residential | Carfree network of underground passages and shopping centers; rollerbladers and cyclists not permitted. The passages link some 60 large commercial, administrative, and apartment buildings in downtown.
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| "P.A.T.H." Toronto, Ontario | Kilometers of underground passages | Non-residential | Carfree network of underground passages and shopping centers
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| Toronto Islands | Several carfree islands just off downtown | 300 | Urban park and ecological community
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| Sparks Street, Ottawa, Ontario | 6 blocks | Non-residential | Shopping street 1 block south of Canadian Parliament Building
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| Mont-Tremblant, Quebec | ? | ? | Ski resort built as a carfree European-style village
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| Quebec City, Quebec | A few streets in the oldest part of the town | 300,000 (entire city) | Historic part of town has 3 or 4 carfree streets
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USA
Madison, San Francisco, and Las Vegas were all reported to have single carfree streets, which is not sufficient to merit inclusion under the current standard.
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Mackinac Island, Lake Huron | Entire island | 600 permanent residents | Resort island; horse-and-buggy transport
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| Fire Island, New York | ? | ? | Most or all of the island is accessibly only by boat; wagons used for transport
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| Roosevelt Island, East River, New York City | Most or all of island | 9,500 | Some car access does exist, with large parking garages; very few local services
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| Ithaca, New York | Ithaca Commons | ? | downtown carfree area of modest extent
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| Main Street Mall, Buffalo, New York | Downtown light-rail mall | ? | Theater distsrict pedestrian/LRV mall
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| Russell Island in the St. Clair River, Michigan | ? | ? | Carfree resort community accessible only by boat; only golf carts are allowed on the island
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| Minneapolis, Minnesota skyway | 5 miles (8 km) of enclosed overhead passageways | 1,500 residences, 4,000 hotel rooms, 200 million square feet (19 km²) of office space, and 2.5 million square feet (230,000 m²) of retail space | Commercial/retail heart of the city
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| Catalina Island, California | Most of island | ? | Carfree except for gasoline-powered golf carts in the town of Avalon
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| Third Street Promenade , Santa Monica, California | 1/2 mile (800 m) of 3rd Street | ? | Carfree shopping district, with further expansion planned
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| Isla Vista, California | 4-6 square block area (reportedly) | 18,344 | Adjoining university campus
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| Columbia, California | ? | ? | Small carfree district at the center
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| RiverPlace , Portland, Oregon | Pedestrian promenade about 1/2 mile (800 m) long (the only large carfree area); pedestrian alleys connect other buildings to the promenade; the site is 73 acres (29.5 ha) | About 1,200 | Mixed-use development along the riverfront including apartments, retail, restaurants, a small market, and a waterfront pedestrian promenade
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| Portland Center , Portland, Oregon | Two pedestrian streets run parallel through the development, which includes two parks (carfree streets total about 1 mile (1.6 km) length) | About 1200 | Mixed-use development with apartments, retail, and offices
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| Boston, Massachusetts | Downtown Crossing, several carfree streets | ? | Heart of the commercial district in old downtown Boston
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| Tangier Island, Virginia | Entire island | 800 | Carfree fishing & tourism community
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| Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia | 5 blocks plus side streets (from 9 AM to 5 PM) | About 100 families of people who work there | Restored Colonial-era village
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| Bald Head Island, North Carolina | Whole island | 150 families | Exclusive, golf-cart-based community
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| Harbour Town , Hilton Head, South Carolina | Artificial harbor with promenade and shops | Few hundred | Carfree resort community from the 1960s and 70s
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| Shelter Cove Harbor , Hilton Head, South Carolina | Artificial harbor with promenade and shops, larger than Harbour Town | Several hundred | Carfree resort community 1980s
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| Peachtree Center , Downtown Atlanta, Georgia | 13 block area connected via network of enclosed pedestrian sky bridges. Rapid transit station provides direct access to entire city and international airport | (Premier mixed-use development at heart of the central business district) | 4,000 room conference atrium hotels, office complex, dozens of shops and restaurants, observation deck, athletic facility and art museum
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| East Lake Commons , Metro Atlanta, Georgia | 67 dwellings planned | Probably 200 | Parking will be located on the perimeter of the village. Access within the village core will be by walking, carts, and bicycles
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| Main Street Mall, Memphis, Tennessee | 3/4 of a mile (1200 m) | 5000 | Carfree mixed-use district in the heart of the city
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| Lincoln Road Mall , Miami, Florida | Half-mile (800 m) street (7 blocks) | ? | Shopping, socializing, dining al fresco in the heart of the Art Deco district
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| San Antonio, Texas | Riverwalk | ? | Carfree tourist area; lacks basic services
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| New Orleans, Louisiana | Several blocks between the French Quarter and the river | Several hundred | Carfree mixed use area served by a streetcar line
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| Arcosanti, in Arizona | New town built by Paolo Soleri | 100? | Carfree arcology
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| Boulder, Colorado | Pedestrian mall | ? | At the city center; there is some debate as to whether this really is a carfree area or not. The Pearl Street Mall is absolutely car-free, and extends through several blocks of the center of the city.
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| Fort Collins, Colorado | 7 acres (2.8 ha), 4 streets | City population 115,000 | Old Town, commercial district, no traffic except for maintenance crews; area includes 60 apartments for the elderly
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| Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado | 4 long streets | 25,000 students | Carfree area of university campus, to be expanded
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| Denver, Colorado | 16th Street Mall, about a mile (1.6 km) long | ? | Transit mall with pedestrian-only extensions
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| Charlottesville, Virginia | 1 street | ? | 120 shops, 30 restaurants in historic brick paved downtown area, free trolley to
University of Virginia campus
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| Ithaca, New York | 1 street, 2 blocks long | Population 30,000 | Pedestrian mall
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| Haig Point , Daufuskie Island, South Carolina | Private residential golf development on an island adjacent to Hilton Head Island, SC. Golf carts allowed. | Several hundred | Carfree resort development of the 1980s, only accessible by ferry. Other areas of the island have limited cars.
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Central America
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| San José, Costa Rica | Several streets in the downtown area | ? | Several areas of the city have carfree sections, the largest being seven blocks long with side streets. The area is the commercial and civic center of the city and includes the plaza adjacent to the gorgeous Theatro Nacional.
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| Tortuguero , Costa Rica | Town on a coastal island | 1000 | Access by boat or airplane. There are no roads, only sidewalks and jungle paths connecting the buildings.
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South America
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Curitiba, Brazil | Only a limited carfree area in downtown | ? | Primarily interesting because of its unique bus system, running on dedicated streets and providing excellent, low-cost service
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| Paquetá Island, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Entire island | About 7000 | Carfree island in Guanabara Bay, an hour by water from downtown Rio
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| Bogotá, Colombia | The Ciclovía, 110 kilometers of roads throughout the city | 6.5 million | The Ciclovía roads are closed to traffic Sundays and holidays for 7 hours, from 0700 to 1400, when more than 1.5 million people practice various sports, visit the recreational facilities, or go to cycle-mass. The city also plans to become largely carfree during rush hour by the year 2015.
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| Buenos Aires, Argentina | Florida & LaValle Streets | Two crossing streets downtown | Two vibrant shopping/office streets with many restaurants, theaters, stores, etc, a short walk from the obelisk. Florida is two or three kilometers long, LaValle somewhat shorter. People throng there, and business owners have recently (2002) been moving there from other parts of the city to take advantage of the crowds. The two streets are entirely carfree, but crossing streets are not. Access by bus & metro available.
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| Santiago, Chile | Ahumada, Huerfanos & Estado Streets | Three interconnected streets downtown | Shopping/office streets around the city's main square, Plaza de Armas. The shop rental space at the intersection of Ahumada and Huerfanos is the most expensive within the city (4.8 million inhabitants) and country.
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Caribbean
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Hopetown , Barbados (reportedly) | ? | ? |
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Australia
Asia
Japan
| According to one reporter, most towns have covered (i.e., carfree) streets.
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| Tsumago , Japan | ? | ? | Restored town near Mt. Fuji; some delivery traffic is allowed
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| Tokyo | ? | ? | Some of Tokyo's major shopping areas are closed to auto traffic on Sundays; these areas are called "pedestrian paradises."
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| Tokyo, Asakusa area | Small arcades | ? | Some streets in the same area are pedestrian from 10:00 until 18:00
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| Tokyo, Ueno area, next to the railway station | Several streets | ? | ?
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| Shinjuku station, Tokyo | Kilometers of underground passages | Central business district; in principle no residents | Carfree network of underground passages and shopping centers; about 3,000,000 passengers per day use the station
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| Hiroshima | Kilometers of covered passages | All business: restaurants, parlors, theaters, shops of all sorts | Similar to pedestrian streets in Tokyo and Osaka, very popular and lively, entirely carfree but some crossing streets are not carfree
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| Kichijoji, Musashino, Tokyo | One city block: two roofed streets, two open streets, many alleys | 130,000 (Musashino) | Carfree during the day except for morning deliveries
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| Sapporo, Hokkaido | Kilometers of underground passages | 1,800,000 in city | Carfree network of underground passages and shopping centers
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| Shizuoka | One kilometer of underground passages | 470,000 in city | Carfree network of underground passages and shops. The street above has traffic calming and wide sidewalks.
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| Osaka, Namba area | 2 long streets, mostly covered, very popular and lively | ? | ?
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| Osaka, Tenma area | A street 2.6 km long | ? | ?
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| Kobe | Several streets in downtown | ? | ?
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Other Asia
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Gulangyu Island, Xiamen, China | Carfree island | ? | See Pete Menchetti's photos and commentary. See also the New Colonist article
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| Cheung Chau Island, (and others) off Hong Kong | ? | ? | ?
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| Matheran, India | Entire town | 5000 | Carfree hill town
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| Zhouzhuang, one of a number of small carfree towns (Xitang, Tong Li, possibly Wu Zhen) in the "water district" of Shanghai | Area right along the river | 2000 in the town | Old carfree waterfront town that resembles Venice in some ways, including heavy tourist traffic.
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| Novosibirsk, Siberia | Entire city | ? | Research center in the coldest part of Siberia; highly car-moderated, although not carfree
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| Bhaktapur, Nepal | Entire city | ? | Planning to become carfree within 15 years
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Africa
Morocco
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Fes-al-Bali (the oldest part of Fez) | Entire city quarter except for a few roads entering a short ways from outside | Population 156,000; may be the world's largest contiguous carfree area | Old medina with streets mostly too narrow for cars
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| Rabat | Half of the medina | ? | Oldest area of the city, extremely narrow streets; some busy roads pass through the medina
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| Casablanca | Entire medina | ? | Oldest area of the city, extremely narrow streets
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| Meknes | Entire medina | ? | Oldest area of the city, extremely narrow streets
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| Marrakesh | The souk | ? | While the souk is carfree, the old areas nearby have motorbikes.
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| Essaouira | ? | ? | Medina is carfree
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| Chefchaoen | ? | ? | Largely carfree
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| Tangier | ? | ? | Old medina is carfree
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Other Africa
| City | Geographic Extent | Population | Character
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| Lamu, Kenya | Entire island | ? | Only the chief has a car
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| Cape Town, South Africa | St. George's Mall, comprising five blocks | ? | Center-city mall
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See Also
External links
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