Elisabeth of France (May 3, 1764 - May 10, 1794), usually called Madame Elisabeth, was the younger sister of King Louis XVI and sister-in-law of Queen Marie Antoinette. She was the grand-daughter of Louis XV. She dedicated her life to God, staying unmarried, and was passionately devoted to her older brother and to the French monarchy. During the French Revolution, she was imprisoned with the family at the Tuileries as well as the Temple . She also took part in the ill-fated escape attempt, and was arrested at Varennes and returned to Paris with her brother and his family. She was imprisoned with the royal family in the tower. On hearing of her brother, the King's, execution she shouted "The monsters, they are satisfied now".

She was left with Marie Antoinette and her niece Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte in the tower until the queen was taken away in late 1793 (she was executed on 16th October that year). The two royal women lived on in ignorance of Marie Antoinette's death. Madame Elisabeth was eventually removed from the tower in early 1794. She was put on trial for treachery and accused of molesting her nephew, the Dauphin. She was sentenced to death and was brought to the guillotine in May that year. She was made to sit closest to the guillotine, but was executed last and thus had to hear the blade fall on the heads of all the people before her.

All the men and women executed before her bowed and kissed her, she also blessed them. When she was strapped to the board her shawl fell off, exposing her shoulders. She cried to the executioner "For the sake of decency, Monsieur, cover me up", the blade fell and her life ended. She had just turned 30. She is perhaps one of the more pathetic victims of the French Revolution.