Nathaniel Adderley (November 25, 1931 – January 2, 2000) was an American jazz cornetist who played in the hard bop and soul jazz genres. He was the brother of saxophonist Julian "Cannonball" Adderley.

Born in Tampa, Florida, in the 1950s he worked with his brother's original group, with Lionel Hampton, and with J. J. Johnson, then in 1959 joined his brother's new group and stayed with it until Cannonball's death in 1975. He composed "Work Song," "Jive Samba," and "The Old Country" for this group.

After his brother's death he led his own groups and recorded extensively. During this period he worked with, among others, Ron Carter, Sonny Fortune, Johnny Griffin, Antonio Hart , and Vincent Herring .

On his passing in 2000, Nat Adderley was interred near his brother in the Southside Cemetery in Tallahassee, Florida.

Among his notable recordings are:

• Mercy! Mercy! Mercy! (with the Cannonball Adderley Quintet)
• Soul Zodiac (1972)
• A Little New York Midtown Music (1978)
• Mercy, Mercy, Mercy! '95 (1995)