Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Ol Doinyo Lengai
| Ol Doinyo Lengai | |
|---|---|
Image of 1966 eruption | |
| Elevation: | 9,482 ft (2,890 m) |
| Latitude: | 2° 45′ 5″ S |
| Longitude: | 35° 54′ 8″ E |
| Location: | Tanzania |
| Range: | |
| Type: | Stratovolcano |
Ol Doinyo Lengai is a volcano located in Tanzania. Part of the volcanic system of the Great Rift Valley in eastern Africa, Ol Doinyo Lengai is unique among volcanos in that it produces natro-carbonititic lava, a mineral called carbonatite.
Whereas most lava is rich in silicate minerals, the lava of Ol Doinya Lengai is rich in sodium and carbonates. Due to this unusual composition, the lava is erupted at relatively low temperatures (approximately 500-600 degrees Celsius). This temperature is so low that the molten lava appears black in sunlight, rather than having the red glow common to most lavas. It is also much more fluid than silicate lavas. The rocks formed by Ol Doinyo Lengai are susceptible to rapid weathering, quickly turning from black to grey in color. The resulting volcanic landscape is different from any other in the world.
"Ol Doinyo Lengai" means "Mountain of God" in the language of the native Masai people.
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