Paul Ereng (born August 22, 1967) is a former Kenyan athlete, surprise winner of 800 m at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Born in Kitale, Trans-Nzoia, Kenya, Paul Ereng was a promising 400 m runner until the end of 1987. After enrolling at the University of Virginia, Ereng took up the 800 m in early 1988.

Ereng was undefeated during the USA outdoor season in early 1988. He won the NCAA 800 m title in 1988 and 1989. But in the Kenyan Olympic trials, Ereng barely made to the Olympic team, finishing third. Despite his rapid development, Ereng wasn't the potential gold medallist when he arrived at the Olympic Games in Seoul. However, people started to rate his chances more seriously after he won his semi-final in a personal best of 1:44.55.

In the Olympic final, Ereng was fourth as they entered the straight, but he then surged past the three runners in front of him to win the gold medal. At the World Indoor Championships in Budapest the following year, Ereng produced a devastating finish to win the gold medal in a new world indoor record of 1:44.84.

In 1991, Ereng retained his world indoor title at Seville, but was only fourth in the World Championships at Tokyo. Ereng never posed a serious threat in major international championships after that, and he was eliminated in the semi-finals at the 1992 Olympic Games.

Ereng graduated from Virginia in 1993 with a bachelor's degree in religious studies with a minor in sociology. Right now he works as an athletics coach in the University of Texas at El Paso.