Lieutenant General Ralph J. Canine (1895-1969) was the first director of the United States' National Security Agency (NSA).

Canine was born in 1895 in Flora, Indiana, one of two children of the local superintendent of schools. When he left home he was intent on being a doctor, and had completed pre-med studies at Northwestern University when he entered World War I as an Army second lieutenant. He served in various combat posts in France, and elected to stay in the Army after the armistice was signed in 1918. The interwar period (1919-1941) was his education, when he traveled from one Army post to another, filling just about any job that was vacant. When World War II broke out, Canine was well fitted for responsibility. He became the chief of staff for the XII Corps, which served in George Patton's Third Army during its historic race across France in 1944. After the war he was rewarded with command of the First Infantry Division, one of the most prestigious of Army jobs.

In 1951 Canine became director of the Army Forces Security Agency , which was America's first tentative step toward cryptologic unification. He was there long enough (one year) to see what the organization lacked. When President Truman created NSA in 1952, Canine continued as its first director.