All Science Fair Projects

Science Fair Project Encyclopedia for Schools!

 Search    Browse    Forum  Coach    Links    Editor    Help    Tell-a-Friend    Encyclopedia    Dictionary

Science Fair Project Encyclopedia

For information on any area of science that interests you,
enter a keyword (eg. scientific method, molecule, cloud, carbohydrate etc.).
Or else, you can start by choosing any of the categories below.

Return on investment

In finance, the return on investment (ROI) or just return is a calculation used to determine whether a proposed investment is wise, and how well it will repay the investor. It is calculated as the ratio of the amount gained (taken as positive), or lost (taken as negative), relative to the basis.

The analysis of the return on investment is either done by static or dynamic formal methods, which may be distinguished by the role of time in the model chosen. Dynamic models take account of the fact that a later date of payment may be valued inferior in a model with interest rates. In other words, static approaches can be regarded as sufficient, if the distribution of payments in each period may be assumed as equal to others. All basic ROI-Models are deterministic, for instance the well-known Total Cost of Ownership Model by the Gartner Group. Deterministic models assume the security of prediction. Abandoning this leads into the wide sphere of risk-aware-models, that are inspired by the mathematics of insurances.

 Contents

Calculations

There are two methods of calculating the basic ROI. Each has its own mathematical merits.

Vi is the initial investment
Vf is the final value


Arithmetic Return

In mathematical terms, the arithmetic return is defined as the following.

$ROI_{Arith}=\frac{V_f - V_i}{V_i} = \frac{V_f}{V_i} - 1$

This return has the following characteristics:

• ROIArith = + 100% when the final value is twice the initial value
• ROIArith > 0 when the investment is profitable
• ROIArith < 0 when the investment is at a loss
• ROIArith = - 100% when investment can no longer be recovered

Interestingly, to compensate for a negative ROI, one needs a positive ROI that is higher in magnitude. For example, to recoup a 50% loss one needs to realize a 100% gain.

The above definition is problematic in that a +10% return and a -10% return do not add up to 0%. For example, starting with $100, a +10% return would result in$110. A subsequent -10% return would result in $99. To correct this, academics use a natural log return called logarithmic return or geometric return. $ROI_{Log} = \ln\left(\frac{V_f}{V_i}\right)/$. This return has similar characteristics: • ROILog > 0 is profit • ROILog < 0 is a loss • Doubling occurs when ROILog = ln(2) = 69.3% • Total loss occurs when $ROI_{Log}\to-\infty$. See also External links 03-10-2013 05:06:04 The contents of this article is licensed from www.wikipedia.org under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details Science kits, science lessons, science toys, maths toys, hobby kits, science games and books - these are some of many products that can help give your kid an edge in their science fair projects, and develop a tremendous interest in the study of science. When shopping for a science kit or other supplies, make sure that you carefully review the features and quality of the products. Compare prices by going to several online stores. Read product reviews online or refer to magazines. Start by looking for your science kit review or science toy review. Compare prices but remember, Price$ is not everything. Quality does matter.
 Science Fair Coach What do science fair judges look out for? ScienceHound Science Fair Projects for students of all ages
 All Science Fair Projects.com Site All Science Fair Projects Homepage Search | Browse | Links | From-our-Editor | Books | Help | Contact | Privacy | Disclaimer | Copyright Notice