Robert Charnock (or Chernock)(c. 1663 - 18 March 1696), English conspirator, belonged to a Warwickshire family, and was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, becoming a fellow of his college and a Roman Catholic priest.

When in 1687 the dispute arose between James II of England and the fellows of Magdalen over the election of a president, Charnock favored the first royal nominee, Anthony Farmer , and also the succeeding one, Samuel Parker , bishop of Oxford.

Almost alone among the fellows he was not driven out in November 1687, and he became dean and then vice-president of the college under the new regime, but was expelled in October 1688. Residing at the court of the Stuarts in France, or conspiring in England, Charnock and Sir George Barclay appear to have arranged the details of the unsuccessful attempt to kill William III near Turnham Green in February 1696. Barclay escaped, but Charnock was arrested, tried and found guilty, and hanged.