Samsu-Iluna (Samsuiluna), was the King of Babylon, who reigned from 1749 BC to 1712 BC.

He was son of Hammurabi. During the region of Samsu-Iluna the Babylonian Empire lost many provinces.

He fought against Rim-Sin II of Larsa. Most of the fighting took place on the Elam and Sumer border before Rim-Sin II was captured and executed. He also during the war partially destroyed the city of Ur and Uruk. Iluma-Ilu , pretending to be a descendent of Damiq-Ilishu , the last King of Isin, raised the revolt against Samsu-Iluna in Sumer. Iluma-Ilu gained the freedom of Sumer south of Nippur. Kutir-Nahhunte I , king of Elam, also attacked Samsu-Iluna, defeated him, and Elam once again gained independence from Babylon.

During the region of Samsu-Iluna the Kassites first time invaded the Babylon Empire in 1741 BC .