Samuel Hartlieb (Elbląg, Poland c. 1600? - England 1662), better known in English as Samuel Hartlib, was a man of science and education.

Hartlieb studied at the Brieg Gymnasium and Königsberg University and briefly at the University of Cambridge in England. In 1628, he went to England from Elbing. He became one of the best-connected intellectual figures, and the 'Hartlib circle' of contacts and correspondents was one of the foundations, a generation later, of the Royal Society of London which was established in 1660.

He put also much effort to get the protestant Johann Amos Comenius, of the Moravian Brethren, to visit England. His letters, in German and English, have been the subject of close modern scholarship.

He married and settled permanently in England.

Samuel Hartlieb set out with the goal:

"To record all human knowledge and to make it universally available for the education of all mankind".

See also: encyclopedia