Samuel Cunliffe Lister, 1st Baron of Masham (1815 – 1906) was a British inventor and industrialist, born in Calverley Hall, near Bradford. His father, Ellis Cunliffe (1774 – 1853) was the first member of parliament elected for Bradford after the Reform Act of 1832 . Samuel Lister played a key role in the development of Bradford's wool industry during the nineteenth century industrial revolution. The textile industry transformed Bradford from a small rural town into a rich and famous city. As well as being a successful mill owner he occasionally diverged to other subjects, such as an air-brake for railways. He was fond of outdoor sports, especially coursing and shooting, and was a keen patron of the fine arts.

In 1838 he and his elder brother John started as worsted spinners and manufacturers in a new mill which their father built for them at Manningham. Lister's Mill (otherwise known as Manningham Mills), and its owner, were particularly well known in the district. The business eventually made Lister one of Bradford's most famous fathers, a multi-millionaire and the provider of thousands of jobs in the city. Lister's Mill changed the identity of the region, and its economy. Lister himself came to epitomise Victorian enterprise.

Lister invented the Lister Nip Comb which separated and straightened raw wool, which has to be done before it can be spun into yarn, and in the nineteenth century it was a hot, dirty and tiring job. By inventing the Nip Comb, Lister revolutionised the industry.

Around 1855 he began work to find a way of utilising the fibre contained in silk waste . The task occupied his time for many years and brought him to the verge of bankruptcy, but at last he succeeded in perfecting silk-combing appliances which enabled him to make good quality yarn at a low cost. Another important invention in connection with silk manufacture was his velvet loom for piled fabrics which made him very rich. However, the business was seriously affected by the prohibitory duties imposed by the United States, making him an early critic of the British policy of free trade.

In 1891 he was made a peer; he took his title from the little Yorkshire town of Masham, close to which is Swinton Park, purchased by him in 1888. He died at Swinton Park on the 2nd February 1906. A statue of him now stands in Lister Park , in Heaton, Bradford.