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Scrophulariaceae, the figwort family, is a family of plants. In the past it was treated as comprising about 220-300 genera and about 4000-4500 species, but many of these have recently been transferred to other families (Olmstead et al., 2001; Olmstead, 2003). They have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains.

The family includes some medicinal plants, among them:

• Leptandra , Black root, Culver's root, Leptandra)
• Rehmannia , Chinese foxglove, used in Traditional Chinese medicine
• Scrophularia , figworts
• Verbascum, mulleins

Genera

• Agalinis Raf. -- false foxglove
• Alectra Thunb.
• Aureolaria Raf. -- false foxglove
• Brachystigma Pennell -- desert foxglove
• Buchnera L. -- bluehearts
• Buddleja -- butterfly-bush
• Capraria L.
• Dasistoma Raf.
• Diplacus Nutt. -- bush monkeyflower
• Gerardia
• Hemianthus Nutt.
• Ilysanthes
• Lathraea L. -- e.g., Toothwort
• Lendneria Minod
• Leptandra -- Black root, Culver's root, Leptandra)
• Leucospora Nutt.
  
• Macranthera Nutt.
• Mimetanthe Greene
• Myoporum
• Rehmannia Libosch.
• Schwalbea L. -- schwalbea
• Scrophularia L. -- figwort
• Seymeria Pursh -- black senna
• Striga Lour. -- witchweed
• Tomanthera
• Torenia L.
• Verbascum L. -- mullein

and many more.

The following genera, traditionally included in the Scrophulariaceae, have now been transferred by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group to other families on genetic evidence:

• Amphianthus -> Plantaginaceae
• Angelonia -> Plantaginaceae
• Antirrhinum -> Plantaginaceae
• Bacopa -> Plantaginaceae
• Bartsia -> Orobanchaceae
• Bellardia -> Orobanchaceae
• Besseya -> Plantaginaceae
• Calceolaria -> Calceolariaceae
• Castilleja -> Orobanchaceae
• Chaenorrhinum -> Plantaginaceae
• Chelone -> Plantaginaceae
• Chionophila -> Plantaginaceae
• Collinsia -> Plantaginaceae
• Cordylanthus -> Orobanchaceae
• Cymbalaria -> Plantaginaceae
• Digitalis -> Plantaginaceae
• Dopatrium -> Plantaginaceae
• Epixiphium -> Plantaginaceae
• Euphrasia -> Orobanchaceae
• Galvezia -> Plantaginaceae
• Gambelia -> Plantaginaceae
• Glossostigma -> Phrymaceae
• Gratiola -> Plantaginaceae
• Hebe -> Plantaginaceae
• Holmgrenanthe -> Plantaginaceae
• Howelliella -> Plantaginaceae
• Keckiella -> Plantaginaceae
• Kickxia -> Plantaginaceae
• Lagotis -> Plantaginaceae
• Leucophyllum -> Plantaginaceae
• Limnophila -> Plantaginaceae
• Limosella -> Plantaginaceae
• Linaria -> Plantaginaceae
• Lindernia -> Plantaginaceae
• Lophospermum -> Plantaginaceae
• Mabrya -> Plantaginaceae
• Maurandella -> Plantaginaceae
• Maurandya -> Plantaginaceae
• Mazus -> Phrymaceae
• Mecardonia -> Plantaginaceae
• Melampyrum -> Orobanchaceae
• Micranthemum -> Plantaginaceae
• Mimulus -> Phrymaceae
• Misopates -> Plantaginaceae
• Mohavea -> Plantaginaceae
• Nemesia -> Plantaginaceae
• Neogaerrhinum -> Plantaginaceae
• Nothochelone -> Plantaginaceae
• Nuttallanthus -> Plantaginaceae
• Odontites -> Orobanchaceae
• Orobanche -> Orobanchaceae
• Orthocarpus -> Orobanchaceae
• Parentucellia -> Orobanchaceae
• Pedicularis -> Orobanchaceae
• Paulownia -> Paulowniaceae
• Penstemon -> Plantaginaceae
• Pseudorontium -> Plantaginaceae
• Rhinanthus -> Orobanchaceae
• Russelia -> Plantaginaceae
• Sairocarpus -> Plantaginaceae
• Schistophragma -> Plantaginaceae
• Scoparia -> Plantaginaceae
• Stemodia -> Plantaginaceae
• Synthyris -> Plantaginaceae
• Tonella -> Plantaginaceae
• Triphysaria -> Orobanchaceae
• Veronica -> Plantaginaceae
• Veronicastrum -> Plantaginaceae

References

• Olmstead, R. G., dePamphilis, C. W., Wolfe, A. D., Young, N. D., Elisons, W. J. & Reeves P. A. 2001. Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae. American Journal of Botany 88: 348-361 - on line here.
• Olmstead, R. G. 2003. Whatever happened to the Scrophulariaceae? Fremontia 30: 13-22.

External links

• Disintegration of the family Scrophulariaceae
• Kew list of Scrophulariaceae