Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Categories: Bicarbonates | Leavening agents | Sodium compounds | Household Chemicals
Sodium bicarbonate
|
General |
|
|---|---|
| Name | Sodium hydrogen carbonate |
| Chemical formula | NaHCO3 |
| Appearance | White solid |
|
Physical |
|
| Formula weight | 84.0 amu |
| Melting point | Decomposes at (300 °C) |
| Density | 2.2 ×103 kg/m3 |
| Crystal structure | ? |
| Solubility | 10.3 g in 100g water |
|
Thermochemistry |
|
| ΔfH0solid | -951 kJ/mol |
| S0solid | 102 J/mol·K |
|
Safety | |
| Ingestion | Safe except in very large quantities. |
| Inhalation | May cause irritation. |
| Skin | May cause irritation. |
| Eyes | May cause pain and redness |
| More info | Hazardous Chemical Database |
|
SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, standard conditions were used. | |
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), or sodium hydrogen carbonate, also known as baking soda and bicarbonate of soda, is a soluble white anhydrous or crystalline compound, with a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate. It is found in many mineral springs and also produced artificially.
It is also used as an antacid to treat acid indigestion and heartburn. The anhydrous form is also used to absorb moisture and odours; a box can be left in the refrigerator for this purpose. Additionally, a paste from baking soda can be very effective when used in cleaning and scrubbing. Used in toothpaste, baking soda helps to gently remove stains, whiten teeth, and freshen breath.
Sodium bicarbonate, when exposed to an acid, releases carbon dioxide and water:
At 60 degrees C it decomposes into sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide:
- 2 NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
It is used in combination with acidic compounds as a leavening agent in baking: some forms of baking powder contain sodium bicarbonate. Formerly, it was used as a source of carbon dioxide for soda water.
Safety
Although sodium bicarbonate is used as an antacid, excess consumption can lower blood pH. Sodium bicarbonate should only be consumed in solution with water.
See also
External link
Categories: Bicarbonates | Leavening agents | Sodium compounds | Household Chemicals
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