Southern Airways was a regional airline operating in the United States from its founding in the 1940s until the late 1970s when it was folded into Republic Airlines, which later became part of Northwest Airlines.

Southern Airways began its life operating propeller-driven equipment around its route system which covered the south-central portion of the U.S. By 1968, Southern's route system extended from its most northerly stop at the Bristol-Kingsport-Johnson City (Tri-Cities) airport in Tennessee southward to its most southerly points at New Orleans and Jacksonville, Florida. The westward boundaries of Southern's route system were marked by Baton Rouge and Monroe, Louisiana. Routes extended eastward to the Atlantic Ocean at Myrtle Beach and Charleston, South Carolina.

Southern did not operate turboprop aircraft as a transition from propeller equipment to pure jets, as most other airlines did. Instead, it moved directly from piston-engined equipment to jets, like Trans World Airlines. By the beginning of the 1970s, Southern was flying 75 and 95 passenger DC-9 jets and 40-passenger Martin 404 propeller equipment. However, by the time of the merger with North Central, Southern had replaced the Martin 404 with a small fleet of Swearingen 19-passenger Metroliner II turboprop commuter airliners.

By 1971, Southern was operating flights into New York City and Chicago and as far south as Orlando and Miami. Because U.S. government regulation of airline routes prohibited Southern from operating flights from New York or Washington, D.C. nonstop to Atlanta, an unusual route developed which provided multiple daily flights from New York to Washington and then nonstop to Columbus, Georgia, then on to Dothan, Alabama; Mobile, Alabama; Eglin Air Force Base, Florida; and/or Gulfport/Biloxi, Mississippi. Southern remained a regional airline in character, and flights with up to five or six stops were frequently found in their published schedules.

With increasing acquisitions of DC-9 jet aircraft, many routes which were once served with prop equipment were served with jets. This linked smaller communities to each other with full-size jet equipment and provided jet transportation to major airline hubs at Atlanta and Memphis, sometimes with multiple stops. Some examples of these unusual nonstop jet routes include:

• Columbus, Georgia to Washington, DC.
• Meridian, Mississippi to Birmingham, Alabama; Columbus, Mississippi; and Laurel/Hattiesburg, Mississippi.
• Tuscaloosa, Alabama to Atlanta, Georgia and Columbus, Mississippi.
• Muscle Shoals/Florence, Alabama to Memphis, Tennessee and Huntsville/Decatur, Alabama.
• Greenville, Mississippi to Memphis, Tennessee and Monroe, Louisiana.
• Columbia, South Carolina to Greenville/Spartanburg and Charleston, South Carolina.
• Albany, Georgia to Atlanta, Georgia; Valdosta, Georgia; Dothan, Alabama; and Columbus, Georgia.

None of these routes are served with full-size jet aircraft today, and few of these routes are served at all.

By the mid-1970s, Southern's route system had expanded significantly to include St. Louis, Detroit, Ft. Lauderdale and Grand Cayman, which would be Southern's only international destination.

Southern Airways billed itself as the "Route of the Aristocrats." It was famous for its promotional shot glasses: for a time, a differently designed shot glass was issued each year. Original Southern shot glasses are valued by collectors of the airline's memorabilia.

By the late 1970s, Southern Airways had begun to experience difficulties. Two fatal accidents blighted the airline's otherwise excellent safety record, and improved highways and an increasing willingness among airline passengers to drive to airports farther away for more convenient flights made many of Southern's routes obsolete. With dramatic increases in the price of jet fuel in the 1970s, operation of many of Southern's routes was no longer cost-effective.

On 1 August 1979, Southern merged with North Central Airlines to form Republic Airlines and the Route of the Aristocrats came to an end.