Szerém (Hungarian, in Serbian: Srem, in Croatian: Srijem, in Latin: Sirmium) is the name of administrative county (comitatus) of the historic Kingdom of Hungary, autonomous region Croatia-Slavonia. Its territory is presently in eastern Croatia and north-western Serbia. The name Srem/Srijem is still used for the corresponding regions in Serbia and Croatia. The capital of the county was Vukovar (Croatian, in Hungarian: Vukovár or Valkóvár).

Geography

Szerém county shared borders with Serbia, the Austrian land Bosnia-Herzegovina and the Hungarian counties Bács-Bodrog, Torontál, Pozsega and Verőce (the latter two were in Croatia-Slavonia). The county stretched along the right (southern) bank of the river Danube and the left (northern) bank of the river Sava, down to their confluence. Its area was 6866 km² around 1910.

History

The territory of Szerém county became part of the Kingdom of Hungary in the 12th century. Szerém county was re-established in 1745, after it was retaken from Ottoman Empire in 1718. In 1918 (confirmed by the Treaty of Trianon 1920), the county became part of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia).

Since 1991, when Croatia became independent from Yugoslavia, the western part of the county (including Vukovar) is part of Croatia. The eastern part of the county is now in the Serbian autonomous region Vojvodina, except the easternmost part near Belgrade which is now part of Serbia proper.

Districts

In the early 20th century, the districts and their capitals were:

• Vukovar (Hungarian: Vukovár)
• Ilok
• Šid
• Ruma
• Irig
• Vinkovci
• Županja
• Sremska Mitrovica
• Zemun (Hungarian: Zimony)
• Stara Pazova (Hungarian: Ópazova)

Urban counties:

• Vukovar (Hungarian: Vukovár)
• Zemun (Hungarian: Zimony)

Urban districts:

• Sremska Mitrovica
• Sremski Karlovci (Hungarian: Karlóca)
• Petrovaradin (Hungarian: Pétervárad)

The towns Vukovar, Ilok , Vinkovci and Županja are presently in Croatia. The towns Šid, Ruma, Irig , Sremska Mitrovica, Stara Pazova , Sremski Karlovci and Petrovaradin are presently in Vojvodina. Zemun is presently in Serbia proper.