Szymon Askenazy (1866?-1935) was a Polish historian, diplomat and politician, founder of the Askenazy school.

Starting in 1902, he served as a professor at the University of Lwów . In 1909 he was appointed a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Polska Akademia Umiejętności). After Poland regained its independence Askenazy was chosen as the first Polish representative at the League of Nations (1920-1923).

In his studies he focused mostly on political and economical history of Poland between 18th century and 19th century, laying the foundation of the Lwów-Warsaw School of History. He was the first historian to underline the importance of the period of Partitions as a crucial moment in the creation of a modern nation of Poland.

His ideas of describing a nation's history through its social and economical development as well as through the underlying international and diplomatical background remain influential in modern Polish historical studies.

Bibliography

• Książę Józef Poniatowski 1763-1813, (Lwów, 1905)
• Rosja - Polska 1815-1830, (Lwów, 1907)
• Łukasiński, (Lwów, 1908)
• Napoleon a Polska, (Warszawa, 1918-19)
• Przymierze polsko-pruskie, (Warszawa, 1918)
• Gdańsk a Polska, (Warszawa, 1919)